Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using seed exudates of Sinapis arvensis as a novel bioresource, and evaluation of their antifungal activity

Abstract

Background: In general, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are particles of silver with a size less than 100 nm. In recent years, synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extract has gained much interest in nanobiotechnology. In this concern, this study investigates green synthesis of AgNPs from silver nitrate using Sinapis arvensis as a novel bioresource of cost-effective nonhazardous reducing and stabilizing compounds. A stock solution of silver nitrate (0.1 M) was prepared. Different concentrations of silver nitrate (1, 2.5, 4, and 5 mM) were prepared from the above solution, then added to 5 mL of S. arvensis seed exudates. The mixtures were kept in 25°C. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed by the change in mixtures color from light yellow to brown. The antifungal activity of synthesized AgNPs was investigated in vitro. Results: The resulting AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Formation of the AgNPs was confirmed by the change in mixture color from light yellow to brown and maximum absorption at 412 nm due to surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs. The role of different functional groups in the formation of AgNPs was shown by FTIR. X-ray diffraction was shown that the AgNPs formed in our experiments were in the form of nanocrystal, and TEM analysis showed spherical particles with an average size of 14 nm. Our measurements indicated that S. arvensis seed exudates can mediate facile and eco-friendly biosynthesis of colloidal-spherical AgNPs with a size range of 1 to 35 nm. The synthesized AgNPs showed significance antifungal activity against Neofusicoccum parvum cultures. Conclusion: The AgNPs were synthesized using a biological source. This synthesis method is nontoxic, eco-friendly, and a low-cost technology for the large-scale production. The AgNPs can be used as a new generation of antifungal agents.

Antimicrobial activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles, and silver chloride nanoparticles: an overview and comments

“…The same pattern were also published for Ag°nanoparticles synthesized from Phanerochaete chrysosporium (MTCC 787/ATCC 24725) culture (Vigneshwaran et al 2006), Schizophyllum radiatum HE 863742.1 (Metuku et al 2014), or from Aspergillus fumigatus (Bhainsa and D'Souza, 2006) following the Joint Plant sources such as Annona squamosa leaf broth (Arjunan et al 2012) produced only Ag o nanoparticles, the same was observed in the case of biogenic synthesis of Ag°nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba Linn. (Glory Lily) (Ashokkumar et al 2013), Dioscorea bulbifera (Ghosh et al 2012), Sinapis arvensis seeds (Khatami et al 2015), gum tragacanth exudate of the bark from Astragalus gummifer (Fabaceae family) (Kora and Arunachalam, 2012), Gum ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia , Medicago sativa seed exudates (Lukman et al 2011), from Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extract (Sathishkumar et al 2009), from extract of Lawsonia inermis (Henna) (Gupta et al 2014), and from latex of Jatropha curcas (Bar et al 2009). …”

Rapid Biosynthesis Method and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using <i>Zizyphus spina christi</i> Leaf Extract and Their Antibacterial Efficacy in Therapeutic Application

“…The peak that appeared around 2921 cm −1 is related to the stretching of the C-H bonds [37]. The peak at around 1600 cm −1 was assigned to the amide I bonds (NH) of proteins.…”

Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract of Calotropis gigantea: characterization and its evaluation on tree seedling growth in nursery stage

“…Nanomaterials could even be used to control the release of the fertilizer such that the nutrients are only taken up by the plants and not lost to unintended targets like soil, water, or microbes. Recent reports indicated that biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using seed exudates of Spinosa arvensis showed antifungal (Neofusicoccum parvum) activities (Khatami et al 2015) and may be responsible for increased seed germination.…”