Synthesis of strong and stretchable double network (DN) hydrogels of PVA-borax and P(AM-co-HEMA) and study of their swelling kinetics and mechanical properties

Dixit, Akansha; Bag, Dibyendu S.; Kalra, Swindeerjeet

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.002

Cited by 69 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, the calculation of composition from such peak intensities is not possible as the peak position shifts due to hydrogen bonding and secondary interaction. In general, the hydrogen bonded carbonyl group of amide I appears at a lower frequency than that of the free group . The peak at 1640 cm −1 due to amide I continuously decreases to lower frequency, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…PVA forms reversible crosslinks with borax in which the crosslinking of PVA chains with borate ion is a ‘di‐ol’ complex. It is formed between one borate ion and two di‐ol units resulting in double strand structures . However, the Na‐AA is an ionic monomer which is very popular for its application as a constituent for synthesizing superabsorbent and other functional hydrogels .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amide I band, i.e. the carbonyl (C=O) group of the amide (–CONH 2 ) of the AM moiety, exhibited a stretching frequency at 1655 cm −1 On the other hand, the amide II band due to N–H in‐plane bending of AM, which usually appears at 1530 cm −1 , may have merged with other peaks. The peak of N–H trans stretching of the amide of the AM unit is merged with the hydroxyl band.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The swelling of the hydrogels was expressed using different terminologies as elaborated and specified in our previous report . Hence the degree of swelling (or extent of swelling, which is equivalent to water uptake) was determined according to the equation:

degree of swelling (S_{w}) = \frac{W_{t} - W_{0}}{W_{0}}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several physically and chemically crosslinked hydrogels have been developed to replace the sacrificial covalent crosslinking and to enable a recoverable energy dissipating mechanism for improved toughness. Ionic interaction and hydrophobic association have also been used to provide a recoverable energy dissipating mechanism in DN hydrogels . But still, in general, developing hydrogels that possess simultaneous features of stiffness, toughness and at the same time very good self‐healing properties is really a challenging task.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of multifunctional high strength, highly swellable, stretchable and self‐healable pH‐responsive ionic double network hydrogels

Dixit

Bag

Sharma

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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The multifunctional double network (DN) soft hydrogels reported here are highly swellable and stretchable pH‐responsive smart hydrogel materials with sufficient strength and self‐healing properties. Such multifunctional hydrogels are achieved using double crosslinking structures with multiple physical and chemical crosslinks. They consist of a copolymer network of acrylamide (AM) and sodium acrylate (Na‐AA) and other reversible network of poly(vinyl alcohol)–borax complex. They were characterized by Fourier transform IR analysis and studied for their hydrogen bonding and ionic interaction. The degree of equilibrium swelling was observed to be as high as 5959% (at pH 7.0) for a hydrogel with AM/Na‐AA = 25/75 wt% in the network (GS‐6 sample). The highest degree of swelling was observed to be 6494% at pH 8.5. The maximum tensile strength was measured to be 1670, 580 and 130 kPa for a DN hydrogel (GS‐2 sample: AM/Na‐AA =75/25 wt% with 20, 40 and 60 wt% water content, respectively). The self‐healing efficiency was estimated to be 69% for such a hydrogel. These multifunctional DN hydrogels with amalgamation of many functional properties are unique in hydrogel materials and such materials may find applications in sensors, actuators, smart windows and biomedical applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

degree of swelling (S_{w}) = \frac{W_{t} - W_{0}}{W_{0}}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of multifunctional high strength, highly swellable, stretchable and self‐healable pH‐responsive ionic double network hydrogels

Dixit

Bag

Sharma

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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Complementary Dynamic Chemistries for Multifunctional Polymeric Materials

Zhang

Watuthanthrige

Wanasinghe

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Dynamic materials (DMs) or dynamers have potential applications across a broad range of material science challenges. These applications include sustainable materials as a part of the circular plastics economy, advanced materials with tailored high stress properties and biomedical agents. DMs are comprised of polymers that crosslinked through reversible covalent and noncovalent linking groups. This group provides reversible bonds, which impart properties such as (re)healing, adaptability, toughness into a material. The nature of the linker dictates the dynamer's stability and dynamic properties, although for many applications one linker alone cannot give materials with complex multiresponsive functions. The combination of multiple dynamic linkers can introduce complementary functionalities into a single material. This combination of linkers enhances the collective material properties by matching their strengths and offsetting the weaknesses, or by selecting linkers for specific functions, such as one linker for rapid exchange and the other to respond to external stimuli. This contribution highlights the possibilities and unique features of materials containing multiple dynamic linkers, reviewing both fundamental discoveries of materials possessing multiple dynamic bonds and applications facilitated by the presence of multiple linking group chemistry.

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Solvent‐Induced Dynamic Bond Regulation for Constructing Adaptive Lubricating Hydrogels with Switchable Tribological Performance and Environmental Adaptability

Yang,

Tan,

Yan

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Adaptive lubricating hydrogels (ALH) show promise for reducing friction and energy consumption in various industrial applications. However, retarded switchable tribological performance and poor environmental adaptability limit their integration into application devices. Herein, a dynamic bond regulating strategy based on solvent conversion for producing an ALH with highly switchable tribological performance and decent environmental tolerance is proposed. By incorporating dynamic B─O bonds into the sodium alginate (SA) framework, these bonds transition between associative and dissociative states, facilitated by solvent conversion between glycerol and ethanol. This process modulates the mechanical modulus of the SA network, allowing for achieving highly switchable tribological performance. Furthermore, the inclusion of glycerol not only as a modulus regulator but also serves as an antifreeze component to impart the ALH with superior antifreeze and heat resistance properties, thus allowing the ALH to demonstrate excellent environmental adaptability. As a result, the resulting ALH exhibits highly switchable lubrication behavior, with a dynamically adjustable coefficient of friction (COF) between 0.022 and 0.157, and maintains consistent lubrication performance under a harsh environment (−40–60 °C), representing the state‐of‐the‐art in reported ALHs. This advancement allows for the development of intelligent brake devices (IBD), demonstrating potential applications in controlling drone speed.

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Synthesis of strong and stretchable double network (DN) hydrogels of PVA-borax and P(AM-co-HEMA) and study of their swelling kinetics and mechanical properties

Cited by 69 publications

References 49 publications

Synthesis of multifunctional high strength, highly swellable, stretchable and self‐healable pH‐responsive ionic double network hydrogels

Synthesis of multifunctional high strength, highly swellable, stretchable and self‐healable pH‐responsive ionic double network hydrogels

Complementary Dynamic Chemistries for Multifunctional Polymeric Materials

Solvent‐Induced Dynamic Bond Regulation for Constructing Adaptive Lubricating Hydrogels with Switchable Tribological Performance and Environmental Adaptability

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