Synthesis of TiN and (Ti, Al)N powders by mechanical alloying in nitrogen gas

Ogino, Yoshisada; Yamasaki, Tohru; Miki, Masamichi; Atsumi, Naoya; Yoshioka, K.

doi:10.1016/0956-716x(93)90064-y

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the fcc-Ti 0.5 Al 0.5 N solid solution, the onset of the decomposition was evidenced at 900 1C through the occurrence of w-AlN in the XRD pattern. 85 This decomposition temperature is in a good agreement with the results of the annealing studies on thin films. [86][87][88] Since (Ti,Al)N decomposes before the sintering temperature is reached, alternative techniques like shock waves 89 were considered to compact the mechanically alloyed powders.…”

Section: Mechanical Alloyingsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Still, clear evidence of the formation of supersaturated solid solution Ti 1Àx Al x N with a high degree of intermixing of Ti and Al has been reported. 85 In the work of Ogino et al, 85 Ti and Ti-Al powders were vibration milled in a nitrogen atmosphere, until the saturation of the nitrogen-uptake occurred. The reaction rate was found to correlate with the vibration frequency and hence with the kinetic energy provided in the ball collision.…”

Section: Mechanical Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interface phenomena in (super)hard nitride nanocomposites: from coatings to bulk materials

et al. 2012

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Mechanical properties of nanocomposites usually surpass the mechanical properties of their micro-structured and single-crystalline counterparts. This is mainly due to an extremely high density of internal interfaces in nanocomposites like grain, crystallite and phase boundaries. When compared to diamond, carbides and borides, nitrides are of interest because of their high temperature oxidation resistance and compatibility with iron containing alloys. This tutorial review classifies the contributions of various internal interfaces to the hardness of the nanocomposites, and appreciates the outstanding role of partially coherent phase boundaries in the hardness enhancement. With selected examples of transition metal nitrides containing aluminium and silicon as well as of boron nitrides, it is explained how the nanocomposites with partially coherent phase boundaries and thus with enhanced hardness can be synthesised. As the possible ways of the formation of coherent phase boundaries, the local epitaxial growth of phases with limited mutual solubility, the production of supersaturated solid solutions followed by the segregation of elements during the spinodal decomposition and the incomplete phase transformation are discussed. The most important techniques, used for synthesis of nitride nanocomposites, like CVD, PVD, precursor-based methods, mechanical alloying and high-pressure-high-temperature synthesis are briefly reviewed. Besides, a short overview on hardness definitions and hardness measurements is included.

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Section: Mechanical Alloyingsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Mechanical Alloyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface phenomena in (super)hard nitride nanocomposites: from coatings to bulk materials

et al. 2012

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“…An alternative would be the development of devices that allow operating the mill while it is permanently connected to the gas container. Ogino et al 26 and Ching and Perng 27 measured the pressure in a gas container that was connected to the milling vial by means of a plastic tube. They used this method to study the kinetics of the mechanochemical reaction between titanium and nitrogen.…”

Section: Mechanochemical Tools and How To Rule Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

et al. 2013

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The aim of this review article on recent developments of mechanochemistry (nowadays established as a part of chemistry) is to provide a comprehensive overview of advances achieved in the field of atomistic processes, phase transformations, simple and multicomponent nanosystems and peculiarities of mechanochemical reactions. Industrial aspects with successful penetration into fields like materials engineering, heterogeneous catalysis and extractive metallurgy are also reviewed. The hallmarks of mechanochemistry include influencing reactivity of solids by the presence of solid-state defects, interphases and relaxation phenomena, enabling processes to take place under non-equilibrium conditions, creating a well-crystallized core of nanoparticles with disordered near-surface shell regions and performing simple dry time-convenient one-step syntheses. Underlying these hallmarks are technological consequences like preparing new nanomaterials with the desired properties or producing these materials in a reproducible way with high yield and under simple and easy operating conditions. The last but not least hallmark is enabling work under environmentally friendly and essentially waste-free conditions (822 references).

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“…For gas-solid reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation, or nitridation, the reduction of the gas pressure during milling has been observed. Ogino et al reported the nitridation of Ti and Al powders during ball milling in nitrogen gas [28]. The amount of adsorbed nitrogen was determined from the recorded pressure reduction during the reaction.…”

Section: Methods For In Situ Characterization During Mechanochemical ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particular attention has been paid to the synthesis of metal alloys, oxides, pharmaceuticals, co-crystals, and large porous framework structures such as MOFs or ZIFSs, to name but a few. Some examples, out of many others for the application of mechanochemistry, are material synthesis [17][18][19], structural phase transformations [20][21][22][23], amorphization [24,25], oxidation and reduction reactions, hydrogenation or nitridation [26,27], alloying [28][29][30], intercalation [31,32], and catalytic reactions [33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Analytical Methods for the Characterization of Mechanochemical Reactions

Weidenthaler

2022

Crystals

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The interest in mechanochemical reactions and their fields of application have increased enormously in recent times. Mechanically activated reactions offer the advantage of cost-efficiency as well as environmentally friendly syntheses routes. In contrast to thermally induced processes, the energy transfer via the milling media takes place on a local scale. This leads to unique reaction pathways, which often also result in the formation of metastable phases. For the understanding of reaction pathways on a mechanistic level, it is very important to follow the processes taking place in the grinding jar during milling. Besides the measurement of pressure and temperature changes during a mechanochemical reaction, in situ high energy synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy experiments have been successfully implemented over the last 10 years. This review will highlight the developments which were achieved in the field of in situ monitoring of mechanochemical reactions and their input to the understanding of mechanochemistry.

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Synthesis of TiN and (Ti, Al)N powders by mechanical alloying in nitrogen gas

Cited by 29 publications

References 8 publications

Interface phenomena in (super)hard nitride nanocomposites: from coatings to bulk materials

Interface phenomena in (super)hard nitride nanocomposites: from coatings to bulk materials

Hallmarks of mechanochemistry: from nanoparticles to technology

In Situ Analytical Methods for the Characterization of Mechanochemical Reactions

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