Synthesis of Vanadium-Containing Catalytically Active Phases for Exhaust Gas Neutralizers of Motor Vehicles and Industrial Enterprises

Abstract

The catalytically active vanadium-containing system of γ-Al2O3 was studied using a wide range of physical and chemical methods, depending on the synthesis conditions. It is shown that the vanadium-containing system includes several complexes with different thermal stabilities and catalytic activities. Low-active complexes are destroyed with the formation of more active ones based on V2O5 oxide, as the temperature of heat treatment increases. It can be assumed that V2O5 oxide has the decisive role in its catalytic activity. It was concluded that the vanadium-containing catalytic system on aluminium oxide, in the studied temperature range, is thermally stable and shows high activity not only in the reduction of nitrogen oxides but also in the oxidation of hydrocarbons (even of the most difficult ones, such as oxidizable methane). These properties of the system make it quite promising in the field of application for the purification of the exhaust gases of motor transport and industrial enterprises with environmentally harmful components, as well as for understanding the mechanism of the action of the catalysts in these processes, which is very important for solving the problems of decarbonization and achieving carbon neutrality.

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in the Needles of Scots Pine of the Semipalatinsk Pre-Irtysh Region and Burabay National Park

“…Comparison of the heavy metal accumulation capacity of different tree species makes it possible to assess the efficiency of their use as bioindicators, depending on the potential combination of chemical elements in the air at different sites, as well as to prioritise their use for the purposes of extraction, accumulation, and purification of air from toxic impurities. 25) The ability of different tree species to accumulate heavy metals and the nature of their accumulation has been studied by authors such as J. Jonczak et al, 26) in national parks, arboretums, respectively in Lisičine (Croatia) and Mlyňany (Slovakia), and in nature reserves. 27) Some authors, such as A. Wegiel et al, 9) take another step in the study of the properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) not only as a bioindicator of heavy metals in atmospheric air and soils, but also as their bioaccumulator for cleaning air and soils from elements harmful to living organisms.…”

Results of Experimental Georadar Surveys of Railway Sections

“…The antenna is usually placed on the ground and manually moved or attached to a vehicle while the control unit records the reflected signals. By analyzing the signals, georadar produces a subsurface picture with distinctive patterns revealing various materials and structures [16][17][18][19]. This technique finds use in utility mapping, environmental assessments, and archaeology surveys.…”

Assessment and Analysis of Occupational Risks in Underground Mining of Polymetallic Ores

“…The results of the assessment of occupational risks in the workplace, considering the class of occupational hazards, allowed determining the magnitude, probability and consequences of risks in a particular workplace [9]. Depending on the magnitude of the risk, appropriate measures have been identified to reduce or eliminate them [10][11][12][13].…”

“…It is becoming increasingly obvious that there is a need for a differentiated assessment of working conditions based on real production situations, a detailed study of the exposure dependence of the complex of biomedical indicators of the state of health of workers from harmful factors of the working environment, categorisation and structuring of occupational risk, systemic risk management [13]. The mining and coal industries are known to be associated with a high level of occupational risk due to the nature of the work involved, including exposure to noise, vibration, dust, and hazardous substances.…”