Synthesis of ZnO-NPs Using a Convolvulus arvensis Leaf Extract and Proving Its Efficiency as an Inhibitor of Carbon Steel Corrosion

Abstract

This paper studies the use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized using an extract of Convolvulus arvensis leaf and expired ZnCl2, as efficient inhibitors of carbon steel corrosion in a 1 M HCl solution. The synthesized ZnO-NPs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis. The corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in 1 M HCl was also investigated through potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the determination of weight loss. The results show that the efficiency of the prevention increased when the concentration of ZnO-NPs was increased to 91%, and that the inhibition efficiency was still high (more than 89%) despite decreasing at high temperatures, acting as a mixed-type inhibitor. A sample of carbon steel with a protective layer of inhibitor on top was observed during immersion in 1 M HCl for 20 h; an increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) and stability of the inhibitor could be observed after 6 h. Adsorption isotherm models demonstrated that the inhibitor adsorption mechanism on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir rather than Freundlich and Temkin behaviors. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption process is one of mixed, spontaneous, and exothermic adsorption. The results illustrate that the ZnO-NPs were a strong inhibitor of carbon steel corrosion in acid medium. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the ZnO-NPs formed a good protective film on the carbon steel surface.

Adsorption and Surface Analysis of Sodium Phosphate Corrosion Inhibitor on Carbon Steel in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution

“…The calculated Δ G ° ads was found to be −22 kJ/mol and can used as a criterion to classify the mode of adsorption. According to the literature, a Δ G ° ads lower than −20 kJ/mol signifies a physisorption process where the inhibitor adsorbs on the surface of the substrate though electrostatic interactions [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. In contrast, a Δ G ° ads less than −40 kJ/mol signifies a chemisorption process where the inhibitor adsorbs through electron transfer and creating a feedback bond with the metal atom [ 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

“…According to the literature, a Δ G ° ads lower than −20 kJ/mol signifies a physisorption process where the inhibitor adsorbs on the surface of the substrate though electrostatic interactions [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. In contrast, a Δ G ° ads less than −40 kJ/mol signifies a chemisorption process where the inhibitor adsorbs through electron transfer and creating a feedback bond with the metal atom [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. A −40 kJ/mol < Δ G ° ads < −20 kJ/mol indicates a mixed adsorption mechanism of simultaneous chemical and physical adsorption [ 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

“…In contrast, a Δ G ° ads less than −40 kJ/mol signifies a chemisorption process where the inhibitor adsorbs through electron transfer and creating a feedback bond with the metal atom [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. A −40 kJ/mol < Δ G ° ads < −20 kJ/mol indicates a mixed adsorption mechanism of simultaneous chemical and physical adsorption [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Accordingly, the adsorption of Na 3 PO 4 is a spontaneous mixed mechanism where both electrostatic interaction and electron transfer occur during the inhibition process.…”

Green Synthesized Plant-Based Metallic Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial and Anti-Corrosion Applications

“…Many developments have been focused on improving the performance of its low-cost, safe, simple synthesis, and eco-friendly [81]. ZnNPs can be synthesized from various plant parts, inclu ding flowers, leaves, fruits, seeds, and roots [45,82]. Also, ZnONPs syn thesis was reported from Pelargonium odoratissimum aqueous leaf extracts for antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiinflammatory activities [79].…”

Effect of Quaternary Ammonium Salts and 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives on Hydrogen Absorption by Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution

“…Treatment of carbonate-hydrocarbon-containing formations with hydrochloric acid is used in the oil industry to increase oil recovery; in metallurgical enterprises, thermal scale is removed from steel products with HCl solutions; hydrochloric acid cleaning is also an efficient way to clean the internal and external surfaces of steel products of rust and mineral deposits [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Compounds of various nature are widely studied as corrosion inhibitors (CIs) of steels in this medium [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Of these, quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] often used as components of industrial mixed CIs are important from a practical point of view.…”