Synthesis of ZnQ2, CaQ2, and CdQ2 for application in OLED: optical, thermal, and electrical characterizations

Shahedi, Zahra; Jafari, Mohammad Reza; Zolanvari, A.

doi:10.1007/s10854-017-6417-5

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Relative to that of the ZnQ 2 powder, the stretching vibrations at 391 cm −1 of Zn‐O and Zn‐N in the FTIR spectra of the crystals are slightly shifted to 389 cm −1 . New peaks at 405 and 411 cm −1 associated with Zn ions are found in the FTIR spectra of the crystals, indicating a new stretching vibration of Zn ions in the crystals . This result is consistent with the XSCD result that new oxo‐bridging structure are formed during the transformation from ZnO 2 to tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The peak at 856 cm −1 slightly shifts due to the C‐H waging change . The peak at 1070 cm −1 shifts due to a C‐O stretching change . The small shifts of peaks at 1172, 1242, and 1262 cm −1 indicate a C‐H bending change .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The peak at 1070 cm −1 shifts due to a C‐O stretching change . The small shifts of peaks at 1172, 1242, and 1262 cm −1 indicate a C‐H bending change . All these small changes reveal a structure transformation from ZnQ 2 to tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The quinoline's characteristic stretching vibrations peaks (1574, 1386 and 1322 cm −1 ) and the stretching vibrations peaks of pyridyl and phenyl (1496 and 1459 cm −1 ) have slightly shift, this can be attributed to the changes of bond length and bond angle due to a slight distortion of the quinoline ring in the tetramer (ZnQ 2 ) 4 . The peak at 856 cm −1 slightly shifts due to the C‐H waging change . The peak at 1070 cm −1 shifts due to a C‐O stretching change .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Zhang

Song

Dai

et al. 2017

Crystal Research and Technology

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High quality single crystals of bis-(8-hydroxyquinoline) zinc (ZnQ 2 ), a π -conjugated molecular semiconductor with high thermal stability, good electron transport ability and excellent electroluminescence properties, were prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD) method in a double zone tube furnace. X-ray single crystal diffraction (XSCD) indicates that the sample was ZnO 2 tetramer, (ZnQ 2 ) 4 , with the triclinic unit cell parameters: a = 10.8537(15)Å, b = 11.8814(16)Å, c = 13.0532(18)Å, α = 74.119(2)°, β = 73.449(2)°, γ = 70.999(2)°, volume = 1494.9(4)Å 3 and Z = 1. The crystallization mechanism analysis suggests a classical crystal growth process at low temperatures (300 and 320°C) and an existence of non-classical particle-attachment crystal growth pathway at high temperature (340°C). The (ZnQ 2 ) 4 crystals also show enhanced photoluminescence (PL) intensities and narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) compared with that of the ZnQ 2 thin film.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Zhang

Song

Dai

et al. 2017

Crystal Research and Technology

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“…Most of liquid‐phase methods used organic solvents that pollute the environment and harm the human body, such as methanol, acetone, ether, and acetic acid . Another disadvantage of liquid‐phase method is low yield . The disadvantage is that MQ 2 can only be excited under ultraviolet light by liquid‐phase method .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Barium as Visible‐Light‐Excited Luminescent Material Using Mechanochemical Activation Method

Liu

Xue-ming

et al. 2019

Global Challenges

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stability. [17] Many scholars have done indepth research [18,19] focused on extending application potential [20,21] of MQ 2 . At present, liquid-phase method [22,23] is the main method to synthesize MQ 2 . Most of liquidphase methods used organic solvents that pollute the environment and harm the human body, such as methanol, [24] acetone, [25] ether, [26] and acetic acid. [27] Another disadvantage of liquid-phase method is low yield. [28] The disadvantage is that MQ 2 can only be excited under ultraviolet light by liquid-phase method. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] This spends a massive amount of energy and severely limits the scope of application of MQ 2 . Compared with ultraviolet light, visible light have the advantages of lower biotoxicity, easier operating, and easier obtaining. Therefore, to excite MQ 2 by visible light and to ensure that it keeps high luminous efficiency is the focus and difficulty of current research on this product. However, the existing synthesis methods have not been able to synthesize MQ 2 , which can photoluminescent by visible light. This study presents a new synthesize method to overcome this problem-that is, the mechanochemical activation method.The mechanochemical activation method is compared with the traditional liquid-phase method. First, there is no need to use organic solvents in the mechanochemical activation method and it is environmentally friendly. Second, because there is no chemical equilibrium, the yield of the mechanochemical activation method is much higher than that of the traditional liquidphase method. Third, smaller size BaQ 2 can be synthesized by mechanization activation method. The mechanochemical activation method is compared with the traditional solid-phase method. First, the mechanochemical activation method makes the reactants contact in the molecular level and it increases the contact area between the reactants. Second the mechanochemical activation method reduces the heat energy of the solid-phase reaction, so that it can react under the condition of low heat.This study demonstrates that the mechanochemical activation method can synthesize the BaQ 2 that has a yield of 99.6% and can photoluminescent under 408 nm visible light. Findings from this study provide a new perspective on synthesis of the visible-light-excited luminescent material MQ 2 and enhance the prospects in the field of luminescent materials. Using high-energy UV-light to excite 8-hydroxyquinoline barium (BaQ 2 )is a short slab for this emerging area of organic luminescent materials. However, using visible light to excite BaQ 2 has not been reported. To solve this problem, this study proposes the mechanochemical activation method to synthesize luminescent material of visible-light-excited BaQ 2 . This research applies infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrometry to analyze the structure and luminescence properties. XRD shows that BaQ 2 has a high crystallinity, sma...

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Preparation and Photophysical Properties of Znq₂ Metallic Nanomaterials

Li,

Long,

Huang

et al. 2024

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Bis(8‐hydroxyquinolates) Zinc (Znq2) can be used as a light‐emitting layer material in OLED devices to achieve its efficient electroluminescence effect. In this paper, Znq2 powder has been successfully synthesized and modified by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Precursors and nano‐materials are characterized by XRD, SEM, PL, and so on. The performance of the modified material has been significantly improved. The emission intensity and absorption intensity in the deposited products increased with the increase in PVD temperature. At 453 K, luminous properties such as luminous intensity reach the optimal value including its fluorescence lifetime. Fluorescence lifetime values vary from 13 to 17 ns with the increase in temperature. The luminescence mechanism is also discussed. The energy gap and absorption spectrum of HOM‐LUMO are calculated by the DFT/UB3LYP method. The experimental values agree well with the theoretical values. The nanomaterial crystals modified by PVD technology are more orderly, impurities are reduced, and the luminous stability of the material is improved, which may be one of the reasons for the relatively slow decline in product life. The research combined with theoretical simulation is expected to be helpful to the research and promotion of such materials.

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Synthesis of ZnQ2, CaQ2, and CdQ2 for application in OLED: optical, thermal, and electrical characterizations

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Green Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Barium as Visible‐Light‐Excited Luminescent Material Using Mechanochemical Activation Method

Preparation and Photophysical Properties of Znq₂ Metallic Nanomaterials

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Synthesis of ZnQ2, CaQ2, and CdQ2 for application in OLED: optical, thermal, and electrical characterizations

Cited by 36 publications

References 46 publications

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Tetramer bis‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) Zinc Crystals Prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition Method

Green Synthesis of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline Barium as Visible‐Light‐Excited Luminescent Material Using Mechanochemical Activation Method

Preparation and Photophysical Properties of Znq2 Metallic Nanomaterials

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Preparation and Photophysical Properties of Znq₂ Metallic Nanomaterials