Synthesis, processing and characterization of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated fabric composites

Hassan, Tarig A.; Rangari, Vijay K.; Jeelani, Shaik

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2010.01.018

Cited by 185 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Liquid body armour based on the inclusion of STF have been studied intensively during the last decade [2][3][4][5], and several commercial products (mostly reinforced soft protections based generally on aramid fibres) are available on the market. However, very few works have been done on the design of stiff composite materials with embedded STF (without the use of aramid woven fabric).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Manufacturing of a Novel Shear Thickening Fluid Composite (STFC) with Enhanced out-of-Plane Properties and Damage Suppression

Pinto

Meo

2016

Appl Compos Mater

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The ability to absorb a large amount of energy during an impact event without generating critical damages represents a key feature of new generation composite systems. Indeed, the intrinsic layered nature of composite materials allows the embodiment of specific hybrid plies within the stacking sequence that can be exploited to increase impact resistance and damping of the entire structure without dramatic weight increase. This work is based on the development of an impact-resistant hybrid composite obtained by including a thin layer of Non-Newtonian silica based fluid in a carbon fibres reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminate. This hybrid phase is able to respond to an external solicitation by activating an order-disorder transition that thickens the fluid increasing its viscosity, hence dissipating the energy impact without any critical failure. Several Shear Thickening Fluids (STFs) were manufactured by changing the dimensions of the particles that constitute the disperse phase and their concentrations into the continuous phase. The dynamic viscosity of the different STFs was evaluated via rheometric tests, observing both shear thinning and shear thickening effects depending on the concentration of silica particles. The solutions were then embedded as an active layer within the stacking sequence to manufacture the hybrid CFRP laminates with different embedded STFs. Free vibration tests were carried out in order to assess the damping properties of the different laminates, while low velocity impact tests were used to evaluate their impact properties. Results indicate that the presence of the non-Newtonian fluid is able to absorb up to 45 % of the energy during an impact event for impacts at 2.5 m/s depending on the different concentrations and particles dimensions. These results were confirmed via C-Scan analyses to assess the extent of the internal delamination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Manufacturing of a Novel Shear Thickening Fluid Composite (STFC) with Enhanced out-of-Plane Properties and Damage Suppression

Pinto

Meo

2016

Appl Compos Mater

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“…A shear-thickening fluid (STF) is one of these materials [26][27][28]. Shear-thickening behavior refers to a non-Newtonian fluid phenomenon, i.e., the viscosity increases with the shear strain rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When nanoparticles are included in a suspension at high volume fractions, the suspended colloidal particles can form hydroclusters when subject to high shear stresses, leading to highly viscous and even solid-like behaviour [7,30]. In previous works, STFimpregnated aramid (STF-im-AR) fabrics were manufactured, demonstrating enhanced stab and ballistic resistance [7,22,26,32]. Experimental research has suggested many cooperative mechanisms to explain the improvement during penetration testing [14,33],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear behavior of a shear thickening fluid-impregnated aramid fabrics at high shear rate

Ahn

Han

et al. 2016

Composites Part B: Engineering

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Shear-thickening fluid-impregnated aramid (STF-im-AR) fabrics have been manufactured for advanced soft body armor applications for which they provide improved ballistic and stab resistances. It is not yet clear whether or not such improvements can be attributed solely to the STF. In this study, the rate-dependent behavior of an STF-im-AR fabric was investigated at the fabric level, using uniaxial tensile, bias-extension, and picture-frame tests. Rate-dependent behavior of the STF-im-AR fabric was observed during uniaxial tensile testing; however, the effect of the STF treatment was slight and consistent with only the inherent effect of the polymeric nature of its constituent fibers. The shear rigidity of the STF-im-AR fabric increased, due to the presence of the STF and the sensitivity of the fabric's shear stiffness to changes in the shear strain rate also increased slightly. This rate-sensitive shear stiffness of STF-im-AR fabrics may contribute to improved ballistic and stab resistances.

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“…STF is a nonNewtonian fluid that exhibit shear thickening behaviour when stress applied to the fluid. STF behave as solid-like state when under applied stress due to increasing viscosity and when stress is removed, STF will return to the original liquid state [9]- [12]. In other word, this fluid behaviour can be called reversible process.…”

Section: Shear Thickening Fluids (Stf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Stab and Spike Resistance Performance of Shear Thickening Fluids (STF) Impregnated Fabrics

2017

May 22-24, 2017 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) ICLTET-2017, ACBES-2017

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Abstract-This paper provides a brief review on relevant literature related to shear thickening fluids (STF) impregnated fabrics on stab and spike resistance performance. Soft body armours consist of multiple layers of high performance fabric to stop stab and spike threats. To reduce the number of fabric layers on soft body armours, STF has been introduced. STF transforms from liquid state to a solidlike state under applied stress and return to its original state after stress is removed. Hence, several studies were conducted to enhance the stab and spike resistance of fabrics by exploiting STF unique properties. The performance of STF-fabric that affected by several factors, such as fibre properties, fabric architectures, STF rheological properties (particles size, shape and solid volume fraction), STF synthesis and impregnation process will be reviewed in this paper.

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Synthesis, processing and characterization of shear thickening fluid (STF) impregnated fabric composites

Cited by 185 publications

References 15 publications

Design and Manufacturing of a Novel Shear Thickening Fluid Composite (STFC) with Enhanced out-of-Plane Properties and Damage Suppression

Design and Manufacturing of a Novel Shear Thickening Fluid Composite (STFC) with Enhanced out-of-Plane Properties and Damage Suppression

Shear behavior of a shear thickening fluid-impregnated aramid fabrics at high shear rate

A Review on Stab and Spike Resistance Performance of Shear Thickening Fluids (STF) Impregnated Fabrics

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