Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, and Antiproliferative Studies of Mixed Ligand Titanium Complexes of Adamantylamine

Abstract

Titanium complexes have been synthesized by the reaction between titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), respective bidentate ligand [4,4′ -dimethoxy-2,2′ -bipyridine (bpome), 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine (dpme), 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (dach), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), and benzoylacetone (bzac)], and adamantylamine (ada) in 1 : 2 : 2 molar ratios, respectively. The structure of synthesized complexes was confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-visible, 1H NMR, and mass spectrometry techniques. The nanocrystalline nature of complexes was confirmed by powder XRD study. The complexes were evaluated for cytotoxic potential in HeLa (cervical), C6 (glioma), and CHO (Chinese hamster ovarian) cell lines. The complex E was found to be more effective cytotoxic agent against HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 4.06 µM. Furthermore, the effect of synthesized complexes was studied on different stages of the cell cycle in CHO cells. All complexes exhibited the dose dependent increase in cytotoxicity. The results have shown an increase in sub-G0 population with increase in concentration which is an indicative measure of apoptosis.

Synthesis, DFT Calculation, and Antimicrobial Studies of Novel Zn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Mn(II) Heteroleptic Complexes Containing Benzoylacetone and Dithiocarbamate

“…They have also been reported as being biologically active against pathogenic microorganisms [ 11 – 13 ]. Metal complexes containing different ligands with oxygen and sulfur donor atoms have been reported in the literature, and among these highlights are the dithiocarbamates and β -diketones mixed ligand complexes [ 14 – 16 ].…”

ComparativeIn VitroBinding Studies of TiCl2(dpme)2, Ti(ada)2(bzac)2, and TiCl2(bzac)(bpme) Titanium Complexes with Calf-Thymus DNA

“…The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized complexes against the HeLa, C6, and CHO cell lines was determined using the colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. This assay was carried out in triplicate in 96 well plates [ 15 , 16 ]. Briefly, the cell pellet was resuspended in complete growth medium to get 1.5 × 10 5 cells/mL and 100 μ L of cell suspension per well were seeded in tissue culture plate.…”

“…The titanium complexes were synthesized by reacting titanium tetrachloride and nitrogen containing ligands in predetermined molar ratios. However, the detailed synthetic procedure and chemicals used for the synthesis of titanium complexes have been previously reported [ 15 – 17 ]. The proposed chemical structure of titanium complexes which were used for DNA binding studies has been shown in Figure 1 .…”

“…Mechanism of action of cisplatin upon interaction with DNA is well proposed as it acts via groove binding [ 8 ]. We have synthesized different series of titanium complexes and carried out in vitro cytotoxic studies on HeLa, C6 and CHO cell lines [ 15 , 16 ]. In present research paper, we have extended the binding studies of TiCl 2 (dpme) 2 , ( 1 ), Ti(ada) 2 (bzac) 2 , ( 2 ) and TiCl 2 (bzac)(bpme), ( 3 ) complexes (better IC 50 values against HeLa cell line) with calf-thymus DNA with an objective to check the effect of ligands attached to the metal and type of mechanism followed upon interaction.…”

Novel silver(I) compounds with 1-adamantanamine

“…So far, platinum, titanium and zinc complexes with adamantylamine ligand were synthesized, characterized and studied from the perspectives of therapy and biological interest. [12][13][14][15] For example, platinum(IV) complexes with adamantylamine were thoroughly tested for their biological activity and have the potential to provide a significantly improved therapy for many types of tumors. 13 To the best of our knowledge, a complex of 1-adamantanamine with silver(I) has not been described, although some similar compounds could be found in the literature.…”