The thermal performance
of window glazing requires improvement
for a sustainable built environment at an acceptable cost. The current
work demonstrates a multifold smart composite consisting of an optimized
In
2
O
3
/ZnO–polymethyl methacrylate–paraffin
composite to reduce heat exchange through the combined self-cleaning
and energy-saving envelope of the smart built environment. This work
has attempted to develop a smart composite coating that combines photosensitive
metal oxide and phase change materials and investigate their thermal
comfort performance as a glazed window. It is observed that the In
2
O
3
/ZnO (5 wt %) multifold composite film experienced
better transmittance and thermal performance compared to its other
wt % composite samples. Moreover, the multifold composite-coated glass
integrated into a prototype glazed window was further investigated
for its thermal performance, where a steady average indoor temperature
of ∼30 °C was achieved when the outside temperature reached
∼55 °C, while maintaining good visibility. Interestingly,
the transparency reached ∼86% at 60 °C and exhibited a
hydrophobic water contact angle (WCA) of ∼138°. In contrast,
a similar film exhibits ∼64% transparency at 22 °C, where
the WCA becomes moderately hydrophilic (∼68°). Temperature
dependency on transparency and wettability properties was examined
for up to 60 cycles, resulting in excellent indoor thermal comfort.
In addition, a thermal simulation study was executed for the smart
multifold glazing composite. Moreover, this study offers dynamic glazing
development options for energy saving in the smart built environment.