Synthesis, structural characterization, and anticancer activity of a monobenzyltin compound against MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Abstract

A new monoorganotin Schiff base compound, [N-(3,5-dichloro-2-oxidobenzylidene)-4-chlorobenzyhydrazidato](o-methylbenzyl)aquatin(IV) chloride, (compound C1), was synthesized, and its structural features were investigated by spectroscopic techniques and single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. Compound C1 was exposed to several human cancer cell lines, including breast adenocarcinoma cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines Skov3 and Caov3, and prostate cancer cell line PC3, in order to examine its cytotoxic effect for different forms of cancer. Human hepatic cell line WRL-68 was used as a normal cell line. We concentrated on the MCF-7 cell line to detect possible underlying mechanism involvement of compound C1. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed the strongest cytotoxicity of compound C1 against MCF-7 cells, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 2.5±0.50 μg/mL after 48 hours treatment. The IC50 value was >30 μg/mL in WRL-68 cells. Induced antiproliferative activity of compound C1 for MCF-7 cells was further confirmed by lactate dehydrogenase, reactive oxygen species, acridine orange/propidium iodide staining, and DNA fragmentation assays. A significant increase of lactate dehydrogenase release in treated cells was observed via fluorescence analysis. Luminescent analysis showed significant growth in intracellular reactive oxygen species production after treatment. Morphological changes of necrosis and early and late apoptosis stages were observed in treated cells after staining with acridine orange/propidium iodide. DNA fragmentation was observed as a characteristic of apoptosis in treated cells. Results of the present study obviously reveal potential cytotoxic effects of compound C1 against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Anticancer activity of a monobenzyltin complex C1 against MDA-MB-231 cells through induction of Apoptosis and inhibition of breast cancer stem cells

“…The IC 50 value of compound C1 in MDA-MB-231 cells was reported as 2.5 μg/mL in a previous study28. The results of this study indicated that cisplatin inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro .…”

“…9) was discussed in detail in previously published article28. This Schiff base compound was supplied by Dr.…”

“…The medium was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. To investigate the cytotoxicity of cisplatin, a positive control, to MDA-MB-231, cell viability assay was completed by MTT assay as previously described28. Briefly, cells were seeded onto 96-well culture plates at a density of 1 × 10 4 cells/well and were treated with cisplatin at different concentrations.…”

“…First, a concentration of 1 × 10 6 of MDA-MB-231 cells was grown in 25 cm 2 culture flasks. After 24 hours, they were treated with an IC 50 concentration of compound C1 (2.5 μg/mL), based on a MTT assay discussed in a previous study28. After 48 hours of incubation in an atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 37 °C, both the treated and untreated cells were centrifuged at 1800 rpm for 5 minutes.…”

Apoptotic and Anti-Metastatic Effect of Organotin Coordination Polymer on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepg2) Cells via Intrinsic Pathway of Apoptosis

“…OSCP concentration that was found to give 50% of cell viability is 50 ± 1.019 µM. DNA ladder formation was also observed after 24 h and 48 h These results come in agreement with previous results reported that OSCP possess anti-proliferation and antimigration capacity of cancer via different signaling pathways [41,42]. To define the mechanism by which OSCP restrict growth and induces apoptosis, we investigated the regulators of these processes including Bcl-2 and Bax.…”