Synthesis, Structural Correlations, and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO₂ Nanotube/SnO₂−Pd Nanoparticle Heterostructures

Abstract

In this study, TiO 2 /SnO 2 -Pd heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic activity were synthesized by the sensitization and activation of TiO 2 nanotubes with SnO 2 -Pd nanoparticles. The growth of the SnO 2 -Pd nanoparticles was dominated by the crystal structures of the TiO 2 nanotubes and the sensitization time. On 450°C annealed anatase TiO 2 nanotubes, grown SnO 2 -Pd nanoparticles were uniformly stacked in a layer with specific structural orientations of Pd (111) ) anatase TiO 2 (200) and SnO 2 (110) ) anatase TiO 2 (101). In contrast, on as-anodized amorphous TiO 2 nanotubes, SnO 2 -Pd nanoparticles were randomly packed. The deposited rutile SnO 2 nanoparticles induced the crystallization of amorphous TiO 2 into a rutile phase with specific lattice correlations of Pd (111) ) rutile TiO 2 (101) and SnO 2 (110) ) rutile TiO 2 (110) during late-stage annealing at 450°C. The rutile TiO 2 ) SnO 2 -Pd heterostructures had a lower photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of methylene blue than did the anatase heterostructures but had a higher efficiency than the bare TiO 2 nanotubes.

Highly reversible and ultra-fast lithium storage in mesoporous graphene-based TiO2/SnO2 hybrid nanosheets

“…S8, † the lattice fringes match each other at the crystal interfaces, indicating the growth of the rutile TiO 2 induced by the rutile SnO 2 nanocrystals. 38 The isostructural rutile crystals of SnO 2 and TiO 2 with close interplanar spacings and lattice match are expected to promote the interfacial electron transfers. 15,18 Elemental mapping images of TiO 2 @SnO 2 @GN further disclose that Sn and Ti species are uniformly distributed in a staggered manner on the graphene surface (Fig.…”

Fabrication of one-dimensional heterostructured TiO2@SnO2with enhanced photocatalytic activity

“…SnO 2 possesses a high electron mobility ($100-200 cm 2 V À1 s À1 ), 15 indicating a faster transport of photoexcited electrons. 16 Moreover, the conduction-band edge of SnO 2 is more positive than that of TiO 2 , leading to the migration of photoexcited electrons from the conduction band of TiO 2 to that of SnO 2 , [17][18][19][20] consequently the recombination of charge carriers can be suppressed, thereby resulting in a higher photocatalytic performance. [21][22][23] Aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition was also introduced to synthesize a TiO 2 -SnO 2 composite lm, and the as-prepared TiO 2 -SnO 2 lm exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity over the degradation of dye compared to the TiO 2 lm and SnO 2 lm.…”

Growing metal trees on tubular semiconductor land: TiO2/(Zn,Sn)Pd heterostructures with high SERS and photocatalytic activity

“…2,6 The heterostructures of TiO 2 and other nanomaterials that include semiconductors of different bandgaps (e.g. SnO 2 and ZnO [7][8][9] ) and noble metals (e.g. Au, Ag and Pd [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ) have thus been intensively developed to improve photocatalytic efficiency.…”