Metal
hydroxides catalyze organic transformations and photochemical
processes and serve as precursors for the oxide layers of functional
multicomponent devices. However, no general methods are available
for the preparation of stable water-soluble complexes of metal hydroxide
nanocrystals (NCs) that might be more effective in catalysis and serve
as versatile precursors for the reproducible fabrication of multicomponent
devices. We now report that InIII-substituted monodefect
Wells–Dawson (WD) polyoxometalate (POM) cluster anions, [α2-P2W17O61InIIIOH)]8–, serve as ligands for stable, water-soluble
complexes, 1, of platelike, predominantly cubic-phase
(dzhalindite) In(OH)3 NCs that after optimization contain
ca. 10% InOOH. Images from cryogenic tranmsission electron microscopy
reveal numerous WD ligands at the surfaces of platelike NCs, with
average dimensions of 17 × 28 × 2 nm, each complexed by
an average of ca. 450 InIII-substituted WD cluster anions
and charge-balanced by 3600 Na+ countercations. Facilitated
by the water solubility of 1, countercation exchange
is used to stoichiometrically disperse ca. 1800 Cu2+ ions
in an atomically homogeneous fashion around the surfaces of each NC
core. The utility of this impregnation method is illustrated by using
the ion-exchanged material as an electrocatalyst that reduces CO2 to CO 15 times faster per milligram of Cu than does K6Cu[P2CuII(H2O)W17O61] (control) alone. More generally, the findings point
to POM complexation as a promising method for stabilizing and solubilizing
reactive d-, p-, and f-block metal hydroxide NCs and for enabling
their utilization as versatile components in the fabrication of functional
multicomponent materials.