Synthesis, structure, and formation mechanism of boron nitride nanotubes

Molar Binding Energy of Zigzag and Armchair Single-Walled Boron Nitride Nanotubes

“…Multi-walled BN nanotubes have been obtained by carbothermal reduction of the ultra-dispersive amorphous boron oxide B 2 O 3 at simultaneous nitriding at high temperatures, (1100-1450)℃ [14,15]. For large tubes, it is found that the ratio of length to radius is preserved.…”

“…A laser melting of the solid-state BN (of any crystal structure, not only layered but also amorphous) at high nitrogen pressure, (5-15) GPa, forms nanotubes free from inclusions, containing from 3 up to 8 walls, and having a characteristic outer diameter of (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) nm [9].…”

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes employing mechanothermal process and its characterization

“…Saito and Maida [4] prepared BN nanotubes by passing arc discharge between ZrB 2 electrodes in a nitrogen atmosphere. BN nanotubes have also been prepared by carbothermal reduction of amorphous boron oxide and boron carbide in the presence of nitrogen between 1100 and 1450°C [5]. Some other methods employ chemical methods involving suitable catalysts.…”

Ab initio calculations of ideal and defective bismuth telluride nanotubes

“…The last values are close to those of ideal bulk Bi 2 Te 3 , which are in the interval of 3.10–3.13 Å (in the layers) but less than the inter‐layer bonds of 3.28 and 3.79 Å, especially between Bi–Te and Te–Bi–Te sublayers, and quintuples, respectively. Such bilayer and trilayer subquintuple sheets are used further to create nanotubes by rolling up the sheets .…”

“…Atomic structure of nanotubes is simulated with program‐generator with the next important steps: (i) building of atomically thin films of bismuth telluride; (ii) cutting of rectangular region L × P with specified length L and perimeter P = kT , where T is the period of identity, k is the number of periods; (iii) folding of all layers in the plane ( X , Z ), which is perpendicular to the axis of nanotube Y in accordance with cylindrical transformations; (iv) forming nanotube with a radius of R = P /2 π . With this procedure, a number of boron nitride nanotubes have been simulated . Relaxations of the obtained structures are made with the first‐principle SIESTA code .…”