Synthesis, Thermal Behavior and Energy Performance of Nitroguanidyl‐Functionalized Energetic Materials

Abstract

Six nitroguanidyl‐functionalized nitrogen‐rich compounds were synthesized and characterized by EA, FT‐IR, and NMR. In addition, the crystal structures of ANPTz, CABNG, and FANG were further determined by X‐ray single‐crystal diffractometer. The thermal decomposition behaviours were studied by the DSC‐TG‐FTIR‐MS coupling technique and the results showed that all the compounds had good thermal stability, among which ANPTz had the best thermal stability (Td=211.03 °C). Also, HCN, CO2, H2O, and NO2 were released during thermal decomposition process. The self‐accelerating decomposition temperature (TSADT) and thermal explosion critical temperature (Tb) were calculated to evaluate thermal safety, and the relative order was as follows: FANG (TSADT=198.68 °C, Tb=209.97 °C)> ANPTz (TSADT=194.12 °C, Tb=208.63 °C)> BANTz (TSADT=182.52 °C, Tb=207.54 °C)> AANG (TSADT=180.04 °C, Tb=188.35 °C)> CABNG (TSADT=176.80 °C, Tb=187.32 °C)> MABNG (TSADT=173.61 °C, Tb=184.29 °C). The results indicated that FANG had the acceptable sensitivity (IS=7.84 J), good detonation performance (D=8551 m⋅s−1, P=32.33 GPa), and the significant catalytic effect (the decomposition temperature of RDX decreased by 8.31 °C).