Synthesising 30 years of clinical experience and scientific insight on affective temperaments in psychiatric disorders: State of the art

Favaretto, E.; Bedani, F.; Brancati, G.E.; De Berardis, D.; Giovannini, S.; Scarcella, L.; Martiadis, V.; Martini, A.; Pampaloni, I.; Perugi, G.; Pessina, E.; Raffone, F.; Ressico, F.; Cattaneo, C.I.

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.011

Journal of Affective Disorders

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.011

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Synthesising 30 years of clinical experience and scientific insight on affective temperaments in psychiatric disorders: State of the art

E. Favaretto,

F. Bedani,

G.E. Brancati

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 5 publications

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MADRS single items differential changes among patients with melancholic and unspecified depression treated with ECT: an exploratory study

Pozuelo Moyano,

Ranjbar,

Swierkosz-Lenart

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) exhibits heterogeneity in treatment response.ObjectiveThis exploratory analysis aims to evaluate the differential changes in individual items of the MADRS between melancholic MDD (M-MDD) and unspecified MDD (U-MDD) following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).MethodsThe study included 23 patients with unipolar MDD who received ECT. Patients were classified as M-MDD or U-MDD according to DSM-5 criteria. MADRS scores were assessed at baseline and one-month post-ECT. Differences between subtypes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test and multiple linear regression.ResultsAmong 23 participants receiving ECT for MDD, 10 had M-MDD and 13 had U-MDD. Baseline MADRS items showed significantly higher scores in the M-MDD group, except for reported sadness, suicidal ideation, and concentration difficulties. Total MADRS score reduction was significantly greater in the M-MDD group. This decline was especially pronounced in M-MDD patients for specific items, including apparent sadness, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, sleep disturbances, reduced appetite, and concentration difficulties, after adjusting for age and sex.ConclusionMADRS score reductions were more substantial for M-MDD than U-MDD in both total and specific items following one month of ECT. Further research with larger samples is needed to clarify MADRS response differences after ECT between melancholic and unspecified depressive subtypes.

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MADRS single items differential changes among patients with melancholic and unspecified depression treated with ECT: an exploratory study

Pozuelo Moyano,

Ranjbar,

Swierkosz-Lenart

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Temperament and the Experience of Tension and Self-Injurious Behaviour in Adolescents—The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Perfectionism

Chęć,

Michałowska,

Gnych-Pietrzak

et al. 2024

Brain Sciences

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Background: Adolescence is an important point in the emotional development of young people. It is a time when young people are characterised by a high degree of emotional instability and seek effective ways to regulate their emotions. One of the frequent methods they use to cope with emotional tension is self-injurious behaviour. Methods: In the context of the rising incidence of self-harm among adolescents, this study aims to understand the association of temperament with the experience of tension and self-injurious behaviour along with the mediating role of perfectionism among 366 adolescents aged 15 to 20 years (Mage = 17.98, SD = 1.302, 52.7% female). Participants completed questionnaires on temperament traits, level of perfectionism, and experience of tension and self-injurious behaviour. Results: The results show that traits such as perfectionism, sensory sensitivity and emotional reactivity increase the risk of self-injurious behaviour. Maladaptive perfectionism partially mediates the relationship between these traits and the tendency to experience emotional tension. A temperament profile with a protective role was also identified. Conclusions: The results of the study highlight the importance of innate traits as well as environmental and cognitive influences, and may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to self-injurious behaviour and strategies aimed at its prevention.

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Psycho-Somatic Evolution of Patients with Multiple Traumatic Injuries

Anghele,

Marina,

Moscu

et al. 2024

Clinics and Practice

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Background and Objective: In this study, we aimed to identify the factors that could impact the Stress-Related Growth Scale (SRGS) questionnaire administered to patients. Materials and Methods: Participants were asked to complete a written SRGS questionnaire (a translated and approved version in Romania) at varying time intervals relative to the traumatic event. The questionnaire was developed in accordance with legal regulations of the World Health Organization and the European Union for research involving human subjects for medical purposes. It took approximately 15 min to complete. The questionnaire was filled out by the patient or their legal guardian/parent for minors between January 2021 and January 2022. Results: The findings revealed the individual dimensions in the context of the traumatic impact, and the subsequent conclusions could be applied to a larger group with similar traumatic experiences. It is recognized that psychosomatic pathologies can hinder posttraumatic rehabilitation, leading to slower and more challenging recovery. Conclusions: Posttraumatic stress disorder often manifests as chronic development of symptoms characterized by reexperiencing traumatic scenes, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognition, and heightened arousal. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent, persistent, and psychologically debilitating syndrome that can significantly impair an individual’s ability to cope with life. The etiology and manifestation of this disorder present numerous challenges due to the complexity of defining and diagnosing these conditions. The distribution of men and women affected by posttraumatic stress disorder varies across different sources and cannot be simplified into one explanation. While sex distribution is an important factor, it is not the sole determinant for understanding the various aspects of these disorders. The diversity of stressors has been shown to correlate with changes in SRGS scores, including subtle emotions like shame and guilt, which contribute to the moral injury resulting from trauma.

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Synthesising 30 years of clinical experience and scientific insight on affective temperaments in psychiatric disorders: State of the art

Cited by 5 publications

References 109 publications

MADRS single items differential changes among patients with melancholic and unspecified depression treated with ECT: an exploratory study

MADRS single items differential changes among patients with melancholic and unspecified depression treated with ECT: an exploratory study

Temperament and the Experience of Tension and Self-Injurious Behaviour in Adolescents—The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Perfectionism

Psycho-Somatic Evolution of Patients with Multiple Traumatic Injuries

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