Synthesized hierarchical mordenite zeolites for the biomass conversion to levulinic acid and the mechanistic insights into humins formation

Velaga, Bharath; Parde, Rajat Prakash; Soni, Jay; Peela, Nageswara Rao

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.05.049

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…HMOR catalysts XRD patterns of the five catalysts are represented in Figure S1 in the Supplementary Information. The main reflections of mordenite in the HMOR patterns were identified at 9.6 • , 13.4 • , 25.6 • , and 27.7 • , corresponding to (2 0 0), (1 1 1), (2 0 2), and (5 1 1) planes, respectively [44,45]. KL and HL showed characteristic diffraction peaks at 5.5 • , 11.8 • , 15.2 • , 19.3 • , 22.7 • , 28.0 • , and 30.7 • , associated with (1 0 0), (0 0 1), (1 1 1), (2 2 0), (2 2 1), and (2 1 2) planes, respectively [46,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Light Hydrocarbons Yield by Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Residual Chloromethanes Using Palladium Supported on Zeolite Catalysts

et al. 2020

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Gas catalytic hydrodechlorination (HDC) of trichloromethane (TCM) and dichloromethane (DCM) was analyzed using Pd (1 wt.%) on different zeolites as catalysts. The aim of this study was to know the surface properties of the catalysts and reaction conditions that promote the yield to light hydrocarbons in this reaction. Five different zeolite supports were used from three commercial zeolites (KL, L-type; NaY, Faujasite; H-MOR, Mordenite). KL and NaY were submitted to ionic exchange treatments in order to increase their acidity and analyze the effect of the acidity in the activity and selectivity of the HDC reaction. Exchanged zeolites (HL and HY) showed the highest Pd dispersion due to their higher surface acidity. The best TCM/DCM conversion and selectivity to light hydrocarbons was obtained using the two non-exchanged zeolite-catalysts, KL and NaY. Low surface acidity seems to be the key aspect to promote the formation of light hydrocarbons. The formation of these products is favored at high reaction temperatures and low H2: chloromethane ratios. KL showed the highest selectivity to olefins (60%), although with a lower dechlorination degree. Non-exchanged NaY catalyst showed high selectivity to paraffins (70% and 95% for the HDC of DCM and TCM, respectively).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Light Hydrocarbons Yield by Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Residual Chloromethanes Using Palladium Supported on Zeolite Catalysts

et al. 2020

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“…Further, in our previous works, we explored the routes for the production of LA/HMF from the biomass, cellulose, or C6 sugars using stable hierarchical/functionalized zeolite catalysts. [ 34–38 ] The integration of the process reported in the present study with our previously reported C6 routes for LA production allows the complete utilization of the C5 and C6 parts of the lignocellulosic biomass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A similar product analysis was utilized, as reported in the previous works. [ 35,36 ] In brief, the reaction products (such as LA and HMF) and leftover furfural were analyzed using the HPLC (Model: SPD‐M30A, RID‐20A, Make: Shimadzu, USA) equipped with refractive index and photo diode array detector. The 5 × 10 −3 m aqueous H 2 SO 4 solution was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL min −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel One‐Step Process for the Production of Levulinic Acid from Furfural over Hierarchical Zeolites in a Microwave Reactor

Velaga

Peela

2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Here, a novel one‐step process is reported for the production of levulinic acid (LA) from furfural over hierarchical zeolites in a microwave reactor. The furfural conversion and product distribution are determined as a function of formalin concentration (CF) in water, catalyst properties, and heating mode. 20 wt% formalin is found to be the critical concentration, above and below which the 5‐hydroxymethylfurfrual and the LA are formed, respectively. The conversion and LA yield over H‐zeolite are higher by 2.3 and 17 times, respectively, as compared to those over Na‐zeolite. The Brønsted to Lewis acid sites ratio is found to be a crucial catalytic parameter to obtain the best activity and LA yield. Under optimal reaction conditions and with the best catalyst, 42% LA yield is obtained at 90% furfural conversion. The humins formed during the process are characterized using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The humins yield, functionality, and decomposition temperatures are varied with both CF and catalyst properties. The reaction pathways and intermediates are also postulated. The integration of the developed process/route with the existing C6 routes allows the utilization of the entire carbohydrate content of the lignocellulosic biomass to produce LA, and consequently, the overall process becomes more economical.

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“…The growth of the zeolite crystal involved several stages, starting from nanospherical particles to nanocylindrical particles, and finally micromonolith mordenite particles, which were used for (carbohydrate) biomass conversion to levulinic acid. [276] Next to nanorods, nanosheets can be synthesized as well. This was done by Wang et al [277] and Liu et al [278] who both employed PEG as template in the hydrothermal synthesis, however, Liu et al also used CTAB as an additional template.…”

Section: Nanozeolites and Their Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Hierarchical 12‐mr Zeolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art and Perspectives of Hierarchical Zeolites: Practical Overview of Synthesis Methods and Use in Catalysis

et al. 2020

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Zeolites are highly crystalline aluminosilicates with welldefined pores that are constructed of SiO 2 and AlO 4 tetrahedra. These tetrahedra can be linked together in different unique ways to form various materials with a specific topology. [1] According to the International Zeolite Association (IZA), more than 250 different topologies, which are all assigned with a three-letter code, have been identified. [2] The micropores in zeolites are typically constructed from 8, 10, or 12 tetrahedral atoms

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Synthesized hierarchical mordenite zeolites for the biomass conversion to levulinic acid and the mechanistic insights into humins formation

Cited by 47 publications

References 49 publications

Promoting Light Hydrocarbons Yield by Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Residual Chloromethanes Using Palladium Supported on Zeolite Catalysts

Promoting Light Hydrocarbons Yield by Catalytic Hydrodechlorination of Residual Chloromethanes Using Palladium Supported on Zeolite Catalysts

Novel One‐Step Process for the Production of Levulinic Acid from Furfural over Hierarchical Zeolites in a Microwave Reactor

State of the Art and Perspectives of Hierarchical Zeolites: Practical Overview of Synthesis Methods and Use in Catalysis

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