Synthesizing and Characterizing Sawdust Biochar/Fe3O4 Nanocomposites and its Potential Application in Textile Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Azo and reactive dyes are mostly used in various industries like textile, leather, paper, food, plastic, and printing of color products [1-3]. Dyes are toxic for humans as well as the environment, and must be treated before their discharge to reduce environmental pollution [4]. Several methods for removing dyes include membrane filtration [5], coagulation/flocculation [6], advanced oxidation [7], and phyto-catalytic degradation [8]. Biodegradation of dyes is difficult because of their stable and complex chemical structure. Therefore, the adsorption process has been adopted for removal of dyes due to its simplicity, flexibility, ease of operation, and cost effectiveness [9]. Various adsorbents have been utilized for dye removal, such as alumina, rice husk, banana peels, orange peels, coconut shells, peanut shells, and various clays, etc. [10]. Among these, carbon-based materials are more efficient adsorbents, comprising large numbers of pores and high surface area for adsorption of dyes, but due to their high preparation cost they can't be used

Removal of Reactive Blue 21 (RB21) Phthalocyanine Dye from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Process: a Review

“…A decrease in removal efficiency was observed with the increase in the initial dye concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated using Langmuir isotherm model was found to be 27.77778 mg.g -1 [14].…”

“…The manufacture of biochar from sawdust and the use of biochar as an adsorbent to remove water pollutants have the double function of using waste and reducing pollution [80]. The application of the magnetic Sawdust biochar/Fe 3 O 4 (SDB/Fe 3 O 4 ) for the elimination of RB21 dye from the aqueous solution has been reported by Nadeem et al (2019). This adsorbent was used after preparation following the experimental protocol [14].…”

“…The application of the magnetic Sawdust biochar/Fe 3 O 4 (SDB/Fe 3 O 4 ) for the elimination of RB21 dye from the aqueous solution has been reported by Nadeem et al (2019). This adsorbent was used after preparation following the experimental protocol [14]. Batch adsorption experiments were affected by contact time (15-105 min), adsorbent dose (0.1-0.35 g), pH (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), temperature (10-70ºC) and dye concentration (30-180 mg.L -1 ).…”

“…The result of this type of contamination can cause the formation of a mixed effluent, containing heavy metal ions and organic matter indicating a toxicity measure [10]. Various methods have been developed for the elimination of copper phthalocyanine dyes from the wastewater in order to reduce their environmental impact [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Adsorption is one of the principle methods employed in wastewater for the removal of dyes, due to its universality, affordability and ease of use [17].…”

MnOx-Coffea arabica Husk and Catha edulis Leftover Biochar Nanocomposites for Removal of Methylene Blue from Wastewater

“…Some reports show that diferent metallic oxide nanocomposites such as Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposites of saw dust, rice husk, palm oil empty fruit bunch, spent cofee ground biochar, and activated carbon are employed to remove MB from aqueous solutions [5,[28][29][30][31][32]. In addition, KMnO 4 -activated sludge [33], pine [34], and MnO 2 orange peel [35] biochar nanocomposites are used for MB removal.…”