Synthesizing the components of photopolymerizing acryl composites for production of waveguides with high transparency within telecommunication spectral regions

Шашкова, В. Т.; Pevtsova, L. A.; Zapadinskii, B. I.; Sokolov, V. I.; Систер, В. Г.; Ivannikova, E. M.

doi:10.1134/s0040579512050089

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Shashkova et al developed methods to synthesize hydrocarbon and fluorine-containing monomers and oligomers for the creation of planar polymer waveguides. These authors synthesized more than 20 mono- and bifunctional methacrylates of hydrocarbon and fluorinated alcohols, glycols, and diols, and characterized their physicochemical properties.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers in Photopolymerization

2015

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers in Photopolymerization

2015

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“…The use of a solvent (cyclohexane) and a reducing agent was necessary. The synthesis of TMPTA [ 37 ] (and of ditrimethylolpropane acrylate, DTMPA [ 21 ]) has been elaborated using p -toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. Nevertheless, the high temperature (140 °C) and the use of benzene or toluene as solvents raise safety concerns regarding the proposed processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In alternative studies, 1,3-propanesultone (PS)-functionalized imidazole ionic liquids (ILs) [35] and sulfonated phenylamines [36] are introduced as recyclable acid catalysts, achieving a trimethylolpropane conversion of 100% and TMPTA selectivity of up to 86.4% at 110 • C. The use of a solvent (cyclohexane) and a reducing agent was necessary. The synthesis of TMPTA [37] (and of ditrimethylolpropane acrylate, DTMPA [21]) has been elaborated using p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. Nevertheless, the high temperature (140 • C) and the use of benzene or toluene as solvents raise safety concerns regarding the proposed processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Melchiorre,

Cucciolito,

Esposito

et al. 2024

Molecules

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This article presents a thorough investigation into the synthesis of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) via the esterification reaction of trimethylolpropane (TMP) with acrylic acid using Amberlite™ 120 IR (H+), Amberlyst® 15, and Dowex™ 50WX8 resins as heterogeneous catalysts. Preliminary comparative tests explored the impact of air flow on water removal during the reaction and different acid-to-alcohol molar ratios (3:1, 6:1, or 9:1 mol:mol). The findings revealed that introducing air significantly enhances TMPTA yield and -OH group conversion, particularly at a 6:1 acid-to-alcohol molar ratio. Based on cost considerations, Amberlite™ 120 IR (H+) was selected as the preferred catalyst for further optimization. This included evaluating the effect of catalyst loading (10%, 5.0%, and 2.5% w/wtot) and assessing the impact of a pre-drying process on resin efficiency. The study concluded that optimal conditions did not necessitate drying, requiring 120 °C, a catalyst loading of 10% w/wtot, a 4 h reaction time, an acid:alcohol ratio of 6:1 mol:mol, the presence of MEHQ (0.1% mol/molAA), and air bubbling at 6 ± 1 Nl/h. Catalyst recycling was effectively implemented with a slight reduction in catalytic activity over consecutive runs. Furthermore, the study explored a scaled-up system with a mechanical stirrer, demonstrating the potential for multi-hundred grams scale-up. Considerations for optimizing the air flow stripping system are also highlighted. In summary, this study provides valuable insights into designing and optimizing the esterification process for TMPTA synthesis, laying the foundation for potential industrial applications.

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“…However, to our knowledge, there are no reported detections of FC8-diol, FC10-diol, or FC8-DOD in the environment. Published literature on FC8-diol and FC10-diol pertain mostly to synthetic chemistry research and technical applications such as their ability to form layers and films between water and air or water and hexane, uses in production of various types of nanomaterials, generation of fluorinated multiblock molecules, and others. − Patents referencing these compounds suggest their use in the manufacture of dental resins, medical implant components and biotextiles, polyacrylate coatings, oil-repellent sheets, photosensitive resins and adhesives, conductive films, thin metal electrode films, gas sensors, acoustic wave sensors, thermal acid generators, pattern treatment and pattern processing methods, optical polymers, and other types of products (PubChem Depositor-Supplied Patent Identifiers; ). However, current use information is too sparse to provide any reasonable estimates of potential environmental releases or loading.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Verification of In Vivo Estrogenic Activity for Four Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Identified as Estrogen Receptor Agonists via New Approach Methodologies

Villeneuve

Blackwell

Cavallin

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Given concerns about potential toxicological hazards of the thousands of data-poor per-and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) currently in commerce and detected in the environment, tiered testing strategies that employ highthroughput in vitro screening as an initial testing tier have been implemented. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of previous in vitro screening for identifying PFAS capable, or incapable, of inducing estrogenic responses in fish exposed in vivo. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were exposed for 96 h to five PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA]; 1H,1H,8H,8Hperfluorooctane-1,8-diol [FC8-diol]; 1H,1H,10H,10H-perfluorodecane-1,10-diol [FC10-diol]; 1H,1H,8H,8H-perfluoro-3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diol [FC8-DOD]; and perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid [HFPO-DA]) that showed varying levels of in vitro estrogenic potency. In agreement with in vitro screening results, exposure to FC8-diol, FC10-diol, and FC8-DOD caused concentration-dependent increases in the expression of transcript coding for vitellogenin and estrogen receptor alpha and reduced expression of insulin-like growth factor and apolipoprotein eb. Once differences in bioconcentration were accounted for, the rank order of potency in vivo matched that determined in vitro. These results provide a screening level benchmark for worst-case estimates of potential estrogenic hazards of PFAS and a basis for identifying structurally similar PFAS to scrutinize for putative estrogenic activity.

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Synthesizing the components of photopolymerizing acryl composites for production of waveguides with high transparency within telecommunication spectral regions

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers in Photopolymerization

Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers in Photopolymerization

Heterogeneous Brønsted Catalysis in the Solvent-Free and Multigram-Scale Synthesis of Polyalcohol Acrylates: The Case Study of Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate

Verification of In Vivo Estrogenic Activity for Four Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Identified as Estrogen Receptor Agonists via New Approach Methodologies

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