Synthetic and Maintenance Respiratory Losses of 14CO2 in Uniculm Barley and Maize

Ryle, Gilbert; Cobby, J. M.; Powell, C. E.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085168

Cited by 78 publications

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“…After the incubations, the plants were left under normal growing conditions for 4 d to allow for complete translocation of carbon from the exposed leaves to the other plant parts (cf. McCree 1974, Ryle et al 1976). After this period, the above-ground and below-ground biomass in the central circular area (diameter 7 cm) of the incubation plots was harvested.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Hemminga¹,

Huiskes²,

Steegstra³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Hemminga¹,

Huiskes²,

Steegstra³

et al. 1996

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The residence time of carbon can be characterized by quantitative tracer techniques (Ryle et al, 1976;Kouchi et al, 1985;Schnyder et al, 2003;Lö tscher and Gayler, 2005). Studies at the level of whole plants (Schnyder et al, 2003) or with root systems (Kouchi et al, 1985(Kouchi et al, , 1986Lö tscher and Gayler, 2005) have revealed two distinct phases in the kinetics of tracer appearance in respired CO 2 : a phase with fast label appearance, which indicated a supply component that was closely connected with current photosynthetic activity; and a phase with slow label appearance, which indicated the participation of one (or more) store(s) in supplying respiration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root and Shoot Respiration of Perennial Ryegrass Are Supplied by the Same Substrate Pools: Assessment by Dynamic ¹³C Labeling and Compartmental Analysis of Tracer Kinetics

et al. 2008

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The substrate supply system for respiration of the shoot and root of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was characterized in terms of component pools and the pools' functional properties: size, half-life, and contribution to respiration of the root and shoot. These investigations were performed with perennial ryegrass growing in constant conditions with continuous light. Plants were labeled with 13 CO 2 / 12 CO 2 for periods ranging from 1 to 600 h, followed by measurements of the rates and 13 C/ 12 C ratios of CO 2 respired by shoots and roots in the dark. Label appearance in roots was delayed by approximately 1 h relative to shoots; otherwise, the tracer time course was very similar in both organs. Compartmental analysis of respiratory tracer kinetics indicated that, in both organs, three pools supplied 95% of all respired carbon (a very slow pool whose kinetics could not be characterized provided the remaining 5%). The pools' half-lives and relative sizes were also nearly identical in shoot and root (half-life , 15 min, approximately 3 h, and 33 h). An important role of short-term storage in supplying respiration was apparent in both organs: only 43% of respiration was supplied by current photosynthate (fixed carbon transferred directly to centers of respiration via the two fastest pools). The residence time of carbon in the respiratory supply system was practically the same in shoot and root. From this and other evidence, we argue that both organs were supplied by the same pools and that the residence time was controlled by the shoot via current photosynthate and storage deposition/mobilization fluxes.

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“…Because synthesis of organic N compounds represents a substantial respiratory cost (23), the bioenergetic cost of maintaining protein pools in C3 leaves may also be greater when compared to C4 leaves. Carbon lost through respiration can account for up to 50% of the daily carbon gain by photosynthesis (21,25) and may be critical in habitats dominated by low light or warm temperatures, where respiration can be high relative to daily carbon gain (6). Warm night temperature was the variable most closely correlated with the relative abundance of C4 grasses in North America (28), indicating that different ' Supported by state funds and Hatch funds allocated to the University of Georgia. respiratory costs between C3 and C4 plants may have ecological significance.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Differences in respiration exist among species (18,25) and among plant parts (10,15), yet few comparisons have been made between C3 and C4 species. In the few respiratory studies including different photosynthetic types, the question of whether C3 and C4 differed in their maintenance costs was never specifically addressed.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Dark Respiration between C₃ and C₄ Plants

Byrd

Sage²,

Brown³

1992

Plant Physiol.

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Lower respiratory costs were hypothesized as providing an additional benefit in C4 plants compared to C3 plants due to less investment in proteins in C4 leaves. Therefore, photosynthesis and dark respiration of mature leaves were compared between a number of C4 and C3 species. Although photosynthetic rates were generally greater in C4 when compared to C3 species, no differences were found in dark respiration rates of individual leaves at either the beginning or after 16 h of the dark period. The effects of nitrogen on photosynthesis and respiration of individual leaves and whole plants were also investigated in two species that occupy similar habitats, Amaranthus retroflexus (C4) and Chenopodium album (C3). For mature leaves of both species, there was no relationship between leaf nitrogen and leaf respiration, with leaves of both species exhibiting a similar rate of decline after 16 h of darkness. In contrast, leaf photosynthesis increased with increasing leaf nitrogen in both species, with the C4 species displaying a greater photosynthetic response to leaf nitrogen. For whole plants of both species grown at different nitrogen levels, there was a clear linear relationship between net CO2 uptake and CO2 efflux in the dark. The dependence of nightly CO2 efflux on CO2 uptake was similar for both species, although the response of CO2 uptake to leaf nitrogen was much steeper in the C4 species, Amaranthus retroflexus. Rates of growth and maintenance respiration by whole plants of both species were similar, with both species displaying higher rates at higher leaf nitrogen. There were no significant differences in leaf or whole plant maintenance respiration between species at any temperature between 18 and 42TC. The data suggest no obvious differences in respiratory costs in C4 and C3 plants.The unique biochemical and structural differences found in leaves of C4 species allow for more efficient use of N when compared to C3 species, primarily due to increased catalytic efficiency of Rubisco, the major soluble protein in mesophyll cells of C3 plants (7,26). In general, C4 plants also invest proportionally less N in leaves than C3 plants (7,27 Rn2 in plants has been examined in terms of two conceptual components, growth and maintenance (10,13,18,19,29). Growth respiration is considered the energy source for the synthesis of new phytomass. Maintenance respiration supplies energy to maintain current phytomass, is independent of substrate concentration, and includes processes such as protein tumover, ion balance, and tissue acclimation to environmental change (1). Because C4 plants synthesize and maintain less photosynthetic protein in leaves (26), it is possible that both growth and maintenance respiration would be lower than in C3 species.Differences in respiration exist among species (18, 25) and among plant parts (10, 15), yet few comparisons have been made between C3 and C4 species. In the few respiratory studies including different photosynthetic types, the question of whether C3 and C4 differed in their mainten...

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Synthetic and Maintenance Respiratory Losses of 14CO2 in Uniculm Barley and Maize

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Root and Shoot Respiration of Perennial Ryegrass Are Supplied by the Same Substrate Pools: Assessment by Dynamic ¹³C Labeling and Compartmental Analysis of Tracer Kinetics

A Comparison of Dark Respiration between C₃ and C₄ Plants

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Synthetic and Maintenance Respiratory Losses of 14CO2 in Uniculm Barley and Maize

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Assessment of carbon allocation and biomass production in a natural stand of the salt marsh plant Spartina anglica using 13C

Root and Shoot Respiration of Perennial Ryegrass Are Supplied by the Same Substrate Pools: Assessment by Dynamic 13C Labeling and Compartmental Analysis of Tracer Kinetics

A Comparison of Dark Respiration between C3 and C4 Plants

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Root and Shoot Respiration of Perennial Ryegrass Are Supplied by the Same Substrate Pools: Assessment by Dynamic ¹³C Labeling and Compartmental Analysis of Tracer Kinetics

A Comparison of Dark Respiration between C₃ and C₄ Plants