Synthetic aspects of the characterization of some silica-bound complexing agents

Fulcher, Cindy; Crowell, M.; Bayliss, R.; Holland, Kevin B.; Jezorek, John R.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)84117-9

Cited by 82 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, silica gel is unstable at high pH, leading to a cleavage of the immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline, and potential trace metal contamination from a newly exposed silica surface. 29,30 The immobilization of 8-hydroxyquinoline onto polystyrenedivinylbenzene resins is apparently quite stable with respect to extremes of pH, and can be produced with a high total exchange capacity, though the overall kinetic exchange rate is reported to be slow. 31,32 In this work, 8-hydroxyquinoline was impregnated onto nanometer TiO2 by a dynamical method for the preconcentration of trace Al(III) and Cr(III).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICP-AES Detection of Ultratrace Aluminum(III) and Chromium(III) Ions with a Microcolumn Preconcentration System Using Dynamically Immobilized 8-Hydroxyquinoline on TiO2 Nanoparticles

Liang

Yang

et al. 2003

ANAL. SCI.

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Titanium dioxide nanoparticle dynamically loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline (nanometer TiO2-Oxine) was used as a solidphase extractant for the preconcentration of trace amounts of aluminum(III) and chromium(III) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The optimal conditions for preparing nanometer TiO2-Oxine were obtained. Also, the separation/preconcentration conditions of analytes, including the effects of the pH, the sample flow rate and the volume, the elution solution and the interfering ions on the recovery of the analytes were investigated. At pH 6.0, the adsorption capacity of nanometer TiO2-Oxine was found to be 5.23 mg g -1 and 9.58 mg g -1 for Al(III) and Cr(III), respectively. An enrichment factor of 50 was achieved by this method, and the detection limits (3σ) for Al(III) and Cr(III) were 1.96 and 0.32 µg L -1 respectively. The proposed method was applied for the determination of trace Al(III) and Cr(III) in biological samples and lake water with satisfactory results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ICP-AES Detection of Ultratrace Aluminum(III) and Chromium(III) Ions with a Microcolumn Preconcentration System Using Dynamically Immobilized 8-Hydroxyquinoline on TiO2 Nanoparticles

Liang

Yang

et al. 2003

ANAL. SCI.

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“…8-Hydroxyquinoline immobilized on silica gel is one of the most frequently used ion exchangers and is commercially available [14,15,16]. It is, however, unstable at high pH, leading to cleavage of the immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline and potential trace metal contamination from the newly exposed silica surface [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved immobilization of 8-hydroxyquinoline on polyacrylonitrile fiber and application of the material to the determination of trace metals in seawater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Wen

Shan

2002

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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A modified synthetic method has been developed for immobilization of 8-hydroxyquinoline on polyacrylonitrile fiber. The synthetic conditions, e.g. reagent concentration, reaction temperature and time, were optimized. The features of the newly-modified fiber are higher exchange capacity compared with most other materials containing immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline, better mechanic characteristics, high stability at both high and low pH, and ease of synthesis. This modified fiber can concentrate and separate trace metals from matrices with higher concentrations of alkali and alkaline earth elements. To validate the characteristics of the modified fiber, trace metals Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the certified reference materials river water (SLRS-4) and seawater (CASS-4, NASS-5, SLEW-3) were preconcentrated before determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Good agreement was obtained between the data obtained by this method and the certified values.Keywords 8-Hydroxyquinoline immobilized polyacrylonitrile fiber · Trace metals · Sea water · Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry IntroductionInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is one of the most accurate, sensitive, and reliable techniques for the determination of trace metals and has been widely used for determination of trace elements in environmental samples. Its low tolerance of dissolved solids (<0.1%, w/v), however, prohibits the direct analysis of trace elements in seawater by ICP-MS, because of the problem of salt deposition on the torch, sampling interface, or ion lenses. In ICP-MS interferences fall broadly into two groups, "spectroscopic", and "non-spectroscopic" or "matrix effects". The extent of the interferences depends on many factors including extraction geometry, plasma and nebulizer system operating conditions, and, most importantly, on the nature of the analytes and matrix. To minimize interferences many approaches have been recommended, including instrument optimization, use of mixed gases and/or "dry" sample introduction, sample dilution, sample-matrix matching, and use of internal standards, etc.[1]. It should be pointed out that these interferences are usually related to the nature of the sample matrix and much can be done to minimize or even eliminate potential problems by careful sample preparation. It must be admitted that for simultaneous multi-element determination by ICP-MS in a complex matrix such as seawater separation and/or pre-concentration methods are the first choice [1,2,3].8-Hydroxyquinoline is a well-characterized chelating organic ligand. It can form covalent compounds with over 60 metal ions under controlled pH conditions, and its preference for transition and heavy metals to alkali and alkaline-earth elements is well known [4]. Trace elements are usually chelated with solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline and then extracted with organic solvent [5]. In comparison with the most commonly used solvent extraction enrichment procedures, however, column solid-phase extraction...

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“…11 However, silica gel is unstable at high pH, leading to cleavage of the immobilized 8-hydroxyquinoline and potential trace metal contamination from the newly exposed silica surface. 12,13 The preparation and properties of condensation resins of the resorcinol-formaldehyde-8-hydroxyquinoline type have also been investigated. 14,15 Although these resins offer higher exchange capacities, their obvious drawbacks are low stability in acid solution and slower overall kinetic exchange rates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preconcentration of ultratrace rare earth elements in seawater with 8-hydroxyquinoline immobilized polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane for determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Wen¹,

Shan

Xu³

1999

Analyst

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8-Hydroxyquinoline immobilized on polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane was synthesized and used for the preconcentration of rare earth elements (REEs) and the separation of the matrix in seawater prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Both the capacity and chemical stability of the modified polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane have been evaluated. The optimum experimental conditions, such as pH, sample flow rate, volume of eluents, were investigated. The concentration of REEs in seawater and the separation of the matrix components can be achieved with a concentration factor of at least 300 times. The recommended method has been applied for the concentration and determination of REEs in coastal seawater. Results indicated that the recovery of REEs ranged from 91% to 107%, and the relative standard deviations were found to be less than 5%. A comparison was made between the REE levels determined by this method and the literature reports, and a reasonable agreement was obtained.With the widespread application of rare earth elements (REEs) in industry, agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, much attention is now being paid to the study of REEs in the environment. However, the determination of REEs in seawater has always been a difficult task. The main restriction comes from the extremely low levels of REEs, which are below the detection limit of many instruments. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) occupies an invaluable position in the modern analytical laboratory due to its excellent sensitivity, precision and accuracy. Although it is especially suitable for trace muti-element determination and is applicable to a wide range of samples, its application to the analysis of saline water remains quite limited, mainly due to the high matrix concentration (approximately 3.5%) present in seawater, which prohibits its direct analysis by ICP-MS owing to the obvious problems of salt deposition on the torch, sampling interface, or ion lenses. Therefore, the development of a preconcentration technique is an important consideration for seawater analysis.A lot of preconcentration techniques have been proposed for the determination of metals in various environmental samples. Compared with the more traditional liquid-liquid extraction methods, solid-phase techniques have become increasingly popular. It is recognized that 8-hydroxyquinoline is a well characterized organic chelation ligand, which can form covalent compounds with over 60 metal ions under controlled pH conditions, and its preference for transition and heavy metal cations over alkali and alkaline-earth cations is well known.

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Synthetic aspects of the characterization of some silica-bound complexing agents

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

ICP-AES Detection of Ultratrace Aluminum(III) and Chromium(III) Ions with a Microcolumn Preconcentration System Using Dynamically Immobilized 8-Hydroxyquinoline on TiO2 Nanoparticles

ICP-AES Detection of Ultratrace Aluminum(III) and Chromium(III) Ions with a Microcolumn Preconcentration System Using Dynamically Immobilized 8-Hydroxyquinoline on TiO2 Nanoparticles

Improved immobilization of 8-hydroxyquinoline on polyacrylonitrile fiber and application of the material to the determination of trace metals in seawater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Preconcentration of ultratrace rare earth elements in seawater with 8-hydroxyquinoline immobilized polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane for determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

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