Synthetic Calcite as a Scaffold for Osteoinductive Bone Substitutes

Abstract

Although a wide variety of biomaterials have been already proposed for use in bone tissue engineering, there is still need for man-made materials, which would combine support for osteogenesis with simplicity desirable for upscaling and costs reduction. In this study we have shown that synthetic calcite may serve as a scaffold for human osteoblasts transplantation. A simple dynamic system allows uniform and effective cell distribution. Cell viability and osteogenic phenotype were confirmed by XTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity and selected osteoblast-specific genes expression. Extracellular matrix deposited by cells improved elasticity and made the whole system similar to the flexible composite material rather than to the brittle ceramic implants. It was revealed in the compression tests and also by the improved samples handling. Subcutaneous implantation of the cell-seeded calcite scaffolds to immunodeficient mice resulted in mineralized bone formation, which was confirmed histologically and by EPR analysis. The latter we propose as a method supplementary to histological analysis, for bone regeneration investigations. It specifically confirms the presence of bone mineral with a unique sensitivity and using bulk samples, which eliminates the risk of missing the material in the preparation. Our study resulted in development of a new osteogenic tissue engineered product based on man-made calcite.

Influence of gamma and electron beam sterilization on the stability of a premixed injectable calcium phosphate cement for trauma indications

“…Despite the differences, signal II is perhaps related to the CO 2 radical while signal I is potentially associated with a trapped free electron in the material matrix. These results are in agreement with several other studies performed on similar materials following irradiation by ESR analysis (Chróścicka et al, 2016;MatkoviA et al, 2012;Sadlo et al, 2012). Sample G36P24 displayed a notable decrease in the intensity of the signals in particular signal I, suggesting that the annealing step for 24 hours reduced the free radicals generated.…”

Three-dimensional printed polycaprolactone-based scaffolds provide an advantageous environment for osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells

“…The lack of in vivo ossification may be due to an insufficient amount of P and Ca ions at the implantation site. That would be confirmed by our previous observations in immunodeficient mice, where human bone‐derived cells produced bone extracellular matrix in vivo both in polyurethanes (Wozniak et al ., ) and calcite scaffolds (Chróścicka et al ., ), while mineralized bone formation was achieved only in the ceramic scaffolds. The other reported examples of ectopic bone formation in nude mice comes from experiments with the use of scaffolds that might deliver Ca or P ions.…”

3D Chitin Scaffolds of Marine Demosponge Origin for Biomimetic Mollusk Hemolymph-Associated Biomineralization Ex-Vivo

“…The aim of this paper is to use, for the first time, 3D chitin scaffolds isolated from the giant verongiid demosponge A. archeri ( Figure 1) for molluscs hemolymph-associated biomineralization ex vivo. This experimental study was additionally motivated by the fact that both amorphous and crystalline phases (i.e., calcite) of calcium carbonates are known to be bio-compatible [87][88][89], biodegradable [90][91][92] and osteoinductive substrates for tissue engineering of bones and other hard tissues [93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105].…”