Synthetic Environments for the Testing of Metallic Biomaterials

Kuhn, A. T.; Neufeld, P.; Rae, T.

doi:10.1520/stp26001s

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the pH of 7.4, one of the major HSA functional groups is R-COO −30,61 and the main components of the passive layer are Ti-OH and Ti 2 O − . 17,30,40,62,63 The interaction of those could lead to Reactions 6 and 7 30 indicating the consumption of surface hydroxyl group of the oxide layer and the formation of an adsorbed layer of protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Orthopedic Biomaterials in Presence of Human Serum Albumin

Karimi

Alfantazi

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this study, the effect of human serum albumin (HSA) in a concentration range of 0 to 4 g L−1 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of AISI 316L, wrought Co-28Cr-6Mo and Ti-6Al-4 V was investigated by advanced electrochemical corrosion experiments such as cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The cyclic voltammetry results showed that the dissolution rate of iron from 316L and cobalt from Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy decreased in the presence of HSA. HSA also increased the oxidation of adsorbed hydrogen on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy by the external donation of hydrogen atoms. These results implied the formation of an adsorbed layer of protein on the oxide layer which was confirmed by the result of the EIS experiments. Furthermore, the increase of HSA concentration increased the surface coverage of HSA. The comparison of the BSA (bovine serum albumin) as an animal serum albumin with HSA showed that the surface coverage and the cathodic inhabitation of BSA were higher than HSA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The range of the protein concentration in PBS solutions was chosen based on the protein concentration of human interstitial fluid. 17 The pH of the PBS-HAS solution was 7.4 and the addition of protein did not change the solutions pH considerably.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Orthopedic Biomaterials in Presence of Human Serum Albumin

Karimi

Alfantazi

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Kuhn et al [70] reviewed the literature for comparisons between in vitro and in vivo corrosion data. It was concluded that:Certain organic species, notably serum, accelerate the corrosion rate in vivo of some metals and alloys under non-fretting (static) conditions.…”

Section: The Body Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials: A Review

2019

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Metallic biomaterials are used in medical devices in humans more than any other family of materials. The corrosion resistance of an implant material affects its functionality and durability and is a prime factor governing biocompatibility. The fundamental paradigm of metallic biomaterials, except biodegradable metals, has been “the more corrosion resistant, the more biocompatible.” The body environment is harsh and raises several challenges with respect to corrosion control. In this invited review paper, the body environment is analysed in detail and the possible effects of the corrosion of different biomaterials on biocompatibility are discussed. Then, the kinetics of corrosion, passivity, its breakdown and regeneration in vivo are conferred. Next, the mostly used metallic biomaterials and their corrosion performance are reviewed. These biomaterials include stainless steels, cobalt-chromium alloys, titanium and its alloys, Nitinol shape memory alloy, dental amalgams, gold, metallic glasses and biodegradable metals. Then, the principles of implant failure, retrieval and failure analysis are highlighted, followed by description of the most common corrosion processes in vivo. Finally, approaches to control the corrosion of metallic biomaterials are highlighted.

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“…The metal‐release process is governed by a combination of corrosion (electrochemical) and dissolution (chemical) processes, and its extent depends on a large number of interacting parameters, including barrier properties and composition of surface oxides, and prevailing environmental and exposure conditions. Scientific efforts have lately been undertaken to investigate the metal release process and to generate quantitative bioaccessibility data for Fe and Cr‐containing metals as massive sheet (Leygraf et al 1979; Hultquist et al 1984; Chiba et al 1997; Flint et al 1998; Herting et al 2005, 2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c, 2009; Odnevall Wallinder et al 2006; Summer et al 2007). However, few studies exist to assess bioaccessibility data for Fe and Cr‐containing particles (Midander et al 2006, 2007; Ullmann 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccessibility studies of ferro‐chromium alloy particles for a simulated inhalation scenario: A comparative study with the pure metals and stainless steel

Midander

Frutos

Hedberg

et al. 2009

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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The European product safety legislation, REACH, requires that companies that manufacture, import, or use chemicals demonstrate safe use and high level of protection of their products placed on the market from a human health and environmental perspective. This process involves detailed assessment of potential hazards for various toxicity endpoints induced by the use of chemicals with a minimum use of animal testing. Such an assessment requires thorough understanding of relevant exposure scenarios including material characteristics and intrinsic properties and how, for instance, physical and chemical properties change from the manufacturing phase, throughout use, to final disposal. Temporary or permanent adverse health effects induced by particles depend either on their shape or physical characteristics, and/or on chemical interactions with the particle surface upon human exposure. Potential adverse effects caused by the exposure of metal particles through the gastrointestinal system, the pulmonary system, or the skin, and their subsequent potential for particle dissolution and metal release in contact with biological media, show significant gaps of knowledge. In vitro bioaccessibility testing at conditions of relevance for different exposure scenarios, combined with the generation of a detailed understanding of intrinsic material properties and surface characteristics, are in this context a useful approach to address aspects of relevance for accurate risk and hazard assessment of chemicals, including metals and alloys and to avoid the use of in vivo testing. Alloys are essential engineering materials in all kinds of applications in society, but their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment are very seldom assessed. Alloys are treated in REACH as mixtures of their constituent elements, an approach highly inappropriate because intrinsic properties of alloys generally are totally different compared with their pure metal components. A large research effort was therefore conducted to generate quantitative bioaccessibility data for particles of ferro-chromium alloys compared with particles of the pure metals and stainless steel exposed at in vitro conditions in synthetic biological media of relevance for particle inhalation and ingestion. All results are presented combining bioaccessibility data with aspects of particle characteristics, surface composition, and barrier properties of surface oxides. Iron and chromium were the main elements released from ferro-chromium alloys upon exposure in synthetic biological media. Both elements revealed time-dependent release processes. One week exposures resulted in very small released particle fractions being less than 0.3% of the particle mass at acidic conditions and less than 0.001% in near pH-neutral media. The extent of Fe released from ferro-chromium alloy particles was significantly lower compared with particles of pure Fe, whereas Cr was released to a very low and similar extent as from particles of pure Cr and stainless steel. Low release rates are a...

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Synthetic Environments for the Testing of Metallic Biomaterials

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Orthopedic Biomaterials in Presence of Human Serum Albumin

Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Orthopedic Biomaterials in Presence of Human Serum Albumin

Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials: A Review

Bioaccessibility studies of ferro‐chromium alloy particles for a simulated inhalation scenario: A comparative study with the pure metals and stainless steel

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