Synthetic ethanol production in the Middle East: A way to make environmentally friendly fuels

Roozbehani, Behrooz; Mirdrikvand, Mojtaba; Moqadam, Saeedeh Imani; Roshan, Ali Cheshmeh

doi:10.1007/s10553-013-0421-0

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As mentioned before, the share of synthetic ethanol in the market has decreased significantly since 1980s due to the increase of bioethanol or fermentative ethanol production from sugar and grains , . According to the global statistics in 2010, only 7 % of ethanol was produced using hydration of ethylene by a few multinational companies such as Sasol in Europe and South Africa, Equistar in the USA, and SADAF in Saudi Arabia , .…”

Section: Ethanol Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethylene Production from Ethanol: A Review and Techno‐economical Evaluation

2017

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Manufacturing of bioethylene via dehydration of bioethanol is an alternative to the fossil-based ethylene production and decreases the environmental consequences for this chemical commodity. A few industrial plants that utilize 1st generation bioethanol for the bioethylene production already exist, although not functioning without subsidiaries. However, there is still no process producing ethylene from 2nd generation bioethanol. This study is divided into two parts. Different ethanol and ethylene production methods, the process specifications and current technologies are briefly discussed in the first part. In the second part, a techno-economic analysis of a bioethylene plant was performed using Aspen plus and Aspen Process Economic Analyzer, where different qualities of ethanol were considered. The results show that impurities in the ethanol feed have no significant effect on the quality of the produced polymer-grade bioethylene. The capacity of the ethylene storage tank significantly affects the capital costs of the process.

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Section: Ethanol Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethylene Production from Ethanol: A Review and Techno‐economical Evaluation

2017

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“…Only about 7% of ethanol produced in the world is made by a petrochemical process through the hydration of ethylene, and the main producers by this route are Germany, South Africa, and Saudi Arabia [171]. The vast majority of ethanol is produced by a fermentation process, using renewable sources as feedstock and microbial catalysts.…”

Section: Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two main types of crops are used in the ethanol production industry by a well-established technology: sugar rich crops, such as sugar cane, and amylaceous crops, such as corn. Synthetic ethanol processing is economically less attractive than fermentation due to the high production cost of ethylene and the great availability of agricultural products and byproducts [171].…”

Section: Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium sp. as Bio-Catalyst for Fuels and Chemicals Production in a Biorefinery Context

et al. 2019

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Clostridium sp. is a genus of anaerobic bacteria capable of metabolizing several substrates (monoglycerides, diglycerides, glycerol, carbon monoxide, cellulose, and more), into valuable products. Biofuels, such as ethanol and butanol, and several chemicals, such as acetone, 1,3-propanediol, and butyric acid, can be produced by these organisms through fermentation processes. Among the most well-known species, Clostridium carboxidivorans, C. ragsdalei, and C. ljungdahlii can be highlighted for their ability to use gaseous feedstocks (as syngas), obtained from the gasification or pyrolysis of waste material, to produce ethanol and butanol. C. beijerinckii is an important species for the production of isopropanol and butanol, with the advantage of using hydrolysate lignocellulosic material, which is produced in large amounts by first-generation ethanol industries. High yields of 1,3 propanediol by C. butyricum are reported with the use of another by-product from fuel industries, glycerol. In this context, several Clostridium wild species are good candidates to be used as biocatalysts in biochemical or hybrid processes. In this review, literature data showing the technical viability of these processes are presented, evidencing the opportunity to investigate them in a biorefinery context.

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“…The alcohol fermentation process contributes about 97% of the global ethanol production, whereas the catalytic hydration process contributes only 3% (Roozbehani et al, 2013). This is ascribed to the high cost of ethylene, making the synthetic ethanol production route less economically promising than alcoholic fermentation.…”

Section: World Production Sources and Production Processes Of Ethanolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the effects of ethanol/gasoline fuel blends on NOX emissions in spark-ignition engines

2021

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Ethanol can be used as an alternative fuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines to increase the octane number and oxygen content of ethanol/gasoline blends, thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels and the exhaust emissions of incomplete combustion products. Although it is widely agreed that ethanol can reduce CO and HC exhaust emissions, the literature on ethanol and NOX emissions is far from conclusive; hence there is a need for an in-depth, updated review of ethanol/gasoline blends in SI engines and the relative production of NOX emissions. In light of that, the present work aims to provide a comprehensive literature review on the current state of ethanol combustion in SI engines to shed definitive light on the potential changes in NOX emissions under various operating conditions. The first part of this paper discusses the feasibility of ethanol as an alternative transportation fuel, including world production and ethanol production processes. The physicochemical properties of ethanol and gasoline are then compared to analyze their effects on combustion efficiency and exhaust emissions. Then, the pathways of NOX formation inside the cylinder of SI engines are discussed in depth. Finally, we review and critically discuss the effects of ethanol concentration in blends and different engine parameters on NOX formation.

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Synthetic ethanol production in the Middle East: A way to make environmentally friendly fuels

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Bioethylene Production from Ethanol: A Review and Techno‐economical Evaluation

Bioethylene Production from Ethanol: A Review and Techno‐economical Evaluation

Clostridium sp. as Bio-Catalyst for Fuels and Chemicals Production in a Biorefinery Context

A review on the effects of ethanol/gasoline fuel blends on NOX emissions in spark-ignition engines

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