Synthetic Methods for Perovskite Materials; Structure and Morphology

Review: on rare-earth perovskite-type negative electrodes in nickel–hydride (Ni/H) secondary batteries

“…However, changes in the crystal structure of perovskite-type oxides have been observed due to compositional variations, such as substituting the mean A-site ionic radius or the B-site [59]. Moreover, changes in the grain size have been observed depending on the synthesis route [68]. In this sense, the sol-gel method results in smaller grain sizes than the solid-state reaction method.…”

“…Early studies have reported that the overall crystal structure of perovskite-type oxides is not affected by the synthesis method [68,69]. However, changes in the crystal structure of perovskite-type oxides have been observed due to compositional variations, such as substituting the mean A-site ionic radius or the B-site [59].…”

Chemical stability and electrical conductivity of BaCe0.4Zr0.4Gd0.1Dy0.1O3− perovskite

“…In general, solidstate reactions and wet chemical processes such as watersoluble complex method, liquid-citrate method, glycine-nitrate process, and EDTA/citrate acid complex method, are two common methods to synthesize perovskite materials [20]. Among these approaches, the glycine nitrate process (GNP) is one of the most attractive methods because the GNP entails a highly exothermal self-combustion step between the fuel (usually glycine) and the oxidant (metal nitrates) to release sufficient heat to produce the intended ceramic powders [21,22].…”

Remarkable magnetic enhancement of type-M hexaferrite of barium in polystyrene polymer

“…To obtain ferrite materials, a ceramic method was used due to its simplicity and high quality single phase perovskites that can be obtained. [18][19][20] BaCO 3 and Fe 2 O 3 were mixed and grounded in an agate mortar for 10 hrs to ensure homogeneity. The mixtures were pre-sintered at 900 o C for 12 hrs and gradually cooled to room temperature.…”