Synthetic plasmonic lattice formation through invariant frequency comb excitation in graphene structures

Abstract

Nonlinear surface-plasmon polaritons (NSPPs) in nanophotonic waveguides excite with dissimilar temporal properties due to input field modifications and material characteristics, but they possess similar nonlinear spectral evolution. In this work, we uncover the origin of this similarity and establish that the spectral dynamics is an inherent property of the system that depends on the synthetic dimension and is beyond waveguide geometrical dimensionality. To this aim, we design a novel, ultra-low loss, and coherent nonlinear graphene plasmonic configuration, to establish the universality of the surface plasmonic frequency combs and phase singularities for various species of NSPPs from plasmonic Peregrine waves to breathers. By coupling the SPP field to spectrally linearize interface nonlinearity, we prove that the energy and number of excited SPP fields are the conserved parameters of this loss compensated plasmonic system. We employ the mean-value evolution of the quantum NSPP field commensurate with the Schrödinger equation to evaluate spectral dynamics of the plasmonic frequency combs. Through apparition of the equally-spaced frequency combs and well-defined hoppings, we prove that the spectral dynamics of the NSPPs within this hybrid interface yields the formation of plasmonic analog of the synthetic photonic lattice, we termed as synthetic plasmonic lattice (SPL), and explore its applications to ultrafast spectral phase modulation, nonlinear artificial gauge fields, and nonuniform synthetic magnetic field.