Synthetically prepared glycooligosaccharides mimickingCandida albicanscell wall glycan antigens - novel tools to study host-pathogen interactions

Abstract

The immunobiological efficacy of synthetically prepared mannooligosaccharides and a glucooligosaccharide mimicking the structure of Candida albicans cell wall glycans was assessed in vivo and in vitro to exploit immune responses. The exposure of mice splenocytes to BSA-based conjugates of synthetic oligomannosides and oligoglucoside revealed intense influence on T-cell subset polarization. The conjugates biased the immune responses towards Th1 and Th17 with respect to the prevalence of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-17 (IL-17) over IL-4 and IL-10 levels. The inflammatory activity of the conjugates has been evaluated based on the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Postvaccination, antimannooligosaccharide and antiglucooligosaccharide antisera were subjected to an evaluation of the structure-immunomodulation activity relationship. Clinical isolates of C. albicans CCY 29-3-32 and C. albicans CCY 29-3-164 were applied to study interactions between Candida cells and anti-oligosaccharide antibodies. In situ recognition of parietal oligomannosyl and oligoglucosyl sequences in C. albicans cell wall by the antisera raised against BSA-based conjugates of synthetic oligomannosides and oligoglucoside revealed the effective recognition of specific distribution of natural oligosaccharide sequences in the cell wall of C. albicans serotype A. With respect to these results, it can be concluded that new, synthetically prepared oligosaccharides mimicking Candida cell wall structures represent prospective immunobiologically effective components for further immunopharmacologically relevant Candida vaccine design.

The evaluation of β-(1 → 3)-nonaglucoside as an anti-Candida albicansimmune response inducer

“…2) revealed higher IgG and IgA inter-reactivity over IgM within the hyphal Candida cells. We have previously demonstrated a similar pattern of yeast and hyphae-specific antibody responses also with azole-resistant C. albicans CCY 29-3-164 (Paulovicova et al, 2013). We have previously demonstrated a similar pattern of yeast and hyphae-specific antibody responses also with azole-resistant C. albicans CCY 29-3-164 (Paulovicova et al, 2013).…”

“…Torosantucci et al described significantly more IgG-than IgM-reactive constituents secreted by the C. albicans hyphal morphoform (Torosantucci et al, 2009). The IgM reactivity was 1.36 times higher than that of non-resistant C. albicans CCY 29-3-32 (Paulovicova et al, 2013). The higher expression of epitopes recognized by IgG isotypes of anti-G9 serum was revealed in hyphae morphoforms of azole-sensitive (3.18 times) and azole-resistant (2.34 times) C. albicans strains in comparison with yeast forms.…”

“…Blocking of the adherence of C. albicans CCY 29-3-32 and C. albicans CCY 29-3-164 cells ex vivo was performed based on the modification (Paulovicova et al, 2013) of previously described methods (Kamai et al, 2002). Blocking of the adherence of C. albicans CCY 29-3-32 and C. albicans CCY 29-3-164 cells ex vivo was performed based on the modification (Paulovicova et al, 2013) of previously described methods (Kamai et al, 2002).…”

Role of IFN-gamma in immune responses to Candida albicans infections

“…Also, new synthetically prepared glycooligosaccharides conjugates mimicking Candida cell wall antigens have been assessed in vivo and in vitro to test their immunobiological efficacy. The conjugates biased the immune responses towards Th1 and Th17, and represent prospective immunobiological components for further immunopharmacologically relevant Candida vaccine design (107).…”

Increased Antifungal Antibodies in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Serum in Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

“…They also proved fungal exposure in the homes of patients with sarcoidosis and consider the antimycotic therapy to be a new modality in the treatment of this disease . Similarities in the immune response in fungal infection and sarcoidosis are as follows: granuloma formation, hypercalcaemia , increased angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) and polarized T cell response towards a Th1 and Th17 cytokine profile . Moreover, Th17 profile is involved in the response to extracellular, not intracellular parasitic micro‐organisms.…”