Syrian Arabic Kinship Terms

Davies, Rodger P.

doi:10.1086/soutjanth.5.3.3628504

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Note also that the use of the formula ‫أ‬ ‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﻲ‬ "my brother" and other kinship terms have been found attested in other dialects of Arabic, e.g. in Algerian (Dendenne, 2014), Syrian (Davies, 1949), Kuwaiti (Yassin, 1977), Egyptian (Methias, 1993), Yemeni (Piamenta, 1989), and Jordanian Arabic (Farghal & Shakir, 1994). 60.…”

Section: Conclusion: Pragmatic Awareness and Competence As Key To Saving Face (And Lives)mentioning

confidence: 90%

A Pragmatics-based Appeal to Saving Face so as to Save Lives: On Intercultural Pragmatic Awareness (or rather: Lack thereof) in a Handbook for US Soldiers Deployed for Iraq

Kirner-Ludwig

Alsaedi

2021

Journal of Intercultural Communication Research

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The present paper zooms in on levels of pragmatic awareness and the range of stereotypical presuppositions as appearing in one specific text, i.e. the Soldier's Handbook to Iraq. This text was made available to the 1st infantry division of the US Army when they proceeded to Iraq in 2003. In the present mixed-methods study we demonstrate that the handbook systematically uses what Beukeboom and Burgers (2019) call 'biased language' in that the text is cohesively composed of such lexico-semantic choices that point explicitly or implicitly to (mostly negative) stereotypes associated with the categories of 'Arabs' or 'Iraqis'. We pay specific attention to the cross-cultural use of imperatives and lexical verbsone of them being ogaf ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔ‬ ‫ﻒ‬ -"stop!" -as representing explicit speech acts of command. Overall, our study argues that the handbook came condemnably short in equipping its readers in terms of intercultural pragmatic competence and awareness, which surfaces both on the lexico-semantic level in the shape of stereotypical labels and descriptions of 'the Iraqi' as well as on the pragmatic level in terms of politeness and face-threatening language use towards Iraqis in Iraq.

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Section: Conclusion: Pragmatic Awareness and Competence As Key To Saving Face (And Lives)mentioning

confidence: 90%

A Pragmatics-based Appeal to Saving Face so as to Save Lives: On Intercultural Pragmatic Awareness (or rather: Lack thereof) in a Handbook for US Soldiers Deployed for Iraq

Kirner-Ludwig

Alsaedi

2021

Journal of Intercultural Communication Research

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“…Naming and kinship terms, in general, have been of interest to some researchers for a very long time. Numerous studies in the literature investigated naming and kinship terms in a variety of languages such as Syrian and Palestinian Arabic kinship terms (Davies, 1949); kinship semantics (Scheffler, 1972); the idioms of kinship in social action among the Ndendeuli of Tanzania (Gulliver & Gulliver, 1971); naming and address forms in Afghan society (Miran, 1975); cross-cultural comparisons of 20 kinship terms in 17 languages, cultures and communities (Tzeng & Others, 1975); kinship ideology and language pragmatics among the Managalase of Papua New Guinea (McKellin, 1980); a labelling and descriptive analysis of two systems of Cahuilla kinship expressions (Seiler, 1980); meaning and usage of Arabic status and kinship terms used in daily person-to-person interaction (Khuri, 1981); kinship metaphors in the Hindu Pantheon with focus on Śiva as brother-in-law and son-in-law (Harman, 1985); kinship idioms of Nguna (Facey, 1989); kinship terminology of sign language in Argentina compared to standard Spanish kinship terminology used by non-deaf members in the Argentine society (Massone & Johnson, 1991); the meanings of English kinship terms as used by educated Yoruba speakers in relation to specific sociocultural contexts of the Yoruba society (Alo, 1989); Seri kinship terminology (Moser & Marlett, 1993); kinship and gender in Bangangté idioms of marriage and procreative cooking (Feldman-Savelsberg, 1995); metaphorical and ideological concepts of post-socialist Mongolian kinship (Park, 2003); spatial distributions of Japanese family names (Longley, Singleton, Yano, & Nakaya, 2010); a contrastive study of English and Arabic kinship terms (Al-Sahlany & Al-Husseini, 2010); kinship terms in Kalhori, a Kurdish dialect in Iran (Gheitury, Yasami, & Kazzazi, 2010); kinship terms of Tabaq in the Nubian Mountains (Ismail, 2015); semantic structure of family idioms in English and Chinese (Chen & Chornobay, 2016); and a diachronic corpus analysis of kinship metaphors in North Korean English textbooks )Jeongryeol, (2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equivalence Problems in Translating Ibn (Son) and Bint (Daughter) Fixed Expressions to Arabic and English

Al-Jarf¹

2023

ijtis

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Son and daughter metaphorical expressions are common in general as well as technical languages. This study explores the similarities and differences between English and Arabic ibn (son) and bint (daughter) expressions, and the difficulties that student-translators have with them. A corpus of English and Arabic general ibn (son) and bint (daughter) expressions (daughters of Eve, daughter of invention, son of Adam, son of a biscuit, son of a gun) and another corpus of specialized expressions (son of Minos, daughter board, daughter activity) were collected, analyzed and compared. It was found that ibn (son) and bint (daughter) expressions fall into 4 categories: (i) those that are identical in form and meaning in both languages (daughters of Eve, son of Adam); (ii) those that are similar in meaning but differ in wording (step-daughter); (iii) those that exist in English, but have no equivalents in Arabic (daughter of Sappho); and (iv) those that exist in Arabic but have no equivalents in English (daughter of Yemen, i.e., coffee). Specialized expressions used in medicine, computers, business and others are exact translations in both languages (daughter company, daughter cyst, daughter isotope). Student-translators could translate fewer than 13% of the Arabic test items and 12% of the English test items correctly and left 75% blank. Son and daughter expressions similar in both languages were easy to translate (like mother like daughter), whereas opaque ones (بنت الشفة), culture-specific ones (بنت أبيها، بنت بنوت، ابن لبون) and those requiring a specialized background knowledge were difficult (daughter board). Extraneous translation, paraphrase, Literal translation, use of synonyms, transliteration of Arabic words, partial translation, and giving the same translation for different expressions were the most common strategies. Translation difficulties are due to semantic and syntactic problems that the students have. Results and recommendations are given in detail.

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“…Men are also called after their first sons (Abu Ahmad -father of Ahmad) especially when they reach their forties. See Khuri (1981) and Davies (1949) for more information on teknonymy in particular and on the use of kinship terms in Syria in general. This way of referring to each other also became an easy way to hide people's identity during the revolution, including those of young people (see more in Chapter 4).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waiting For The Revolution To End

al-Khalili

2023

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List of figures ix Preface xi Acknowledgements xv Note on transliteration xvii Glossary xviii Acronyms and organisations xix Introduction: living in the midst of defeat 1 Part 1 Revolution inside 1 The Syrian revolution: a struggle for dignity 29 2 Revolutionary spaces and subjects: people of the 'inside', people of the 'outside' 57 Part 2 End(ing)s outside 3 Of hospitality and displacement: life in a spatio-legal limbo 85 4 Temporality of the defeat: waiting in limbo 111 Part 3 Afterlives of defeat 5 From the political to the social: the speed and depth of revolutionary transformations 137 6 Making sense of the revolution's unexpected consequences: martyrdom, predestination, tragedy 161 Conclusion: rescaling the revolution 187 References 195 Index 209 GLOSSaRy xix Acronyms and organisations Daesh ISIS (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria). 'Daesh' represents the word formed by the equivalent acronym in Arabic. FSA Free Syrian Army. IDP Internally displaced people. PYD Partiya Yekîtiya Demokrat. Kurdish political party, in English, Democratic Union Party. YPG Yekîneyên Parastina Gel. Kurdish armed force, in English, People's Protection Units, associated with the PYD.

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Syrian Arabic Kinship Terms

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

A Pragmatics-based Appeal to Saving Face so as to Save Lives: On Intercultural Pragmatic Awareness (or rather: Lack thereof) in a Handbook for US Soldiers Deployed for Iraq

A Pragmatics-based Appeal to Saving Face so as to Save Lives: On Intercultural Pragmatic Awareness (or rather: Lack thereof) in a Handbook for US Soldiers Deployed for Iraq

Equivalence Problems in Translating Ibn (Son) and Bint (Daughter) Fixed Expressions to Arabic and English

Waiting For The Revolution To End

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