“…The simulation system was assembled with the following devices: two different types of syringe pump (Pilot A2 ® ; Fresenius Kabi AG, Bad Homburg, Germany; Injectomat Agilia ® , Fresenius Kabi AG), a 50-mL syringe (BD Perfusion 50 mL Syringe; Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), a 250-cm-long infusion tubing (ICU Medical, San Clemente, CA, USA), three-way stopcock (Bicakcilar, Istanbul, Turkey), hemodynamic pressure transducer (TruWave; Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine CA, USA), multiparametric monitor (Draeger SC 9000; Draeger Medical, Telford, Pennsylvania, USA), two different types of neutral displacement NFC (Neutraclear ® ; Becton Dickinson, Bionecteur ® ; Vygon, Ecouen, France) with different performances, 10,11 and 500 mL of colored normal saline connected to an Infusion Set (Rays SpA, Osimo, Italy). Variables studied were the following: type of pump used, pump highness in relation to the simulated patient, 12,13 three different CVP simulated values, 8,9 connection between the syringe and the infusion tubing, and operator. The pump positions considered in relation to the patient were 50 cm above the position of the heart, patient in supine position (heart level) and 32 cm below the patient, with respect to heart level.…”