System/360 and Beyond

Abstract

The evolution of modern large-scale computer architecture within IBM is described, starting with the announcement of Systeml360 in 1964 and covering the latest extensions to System/370. Emphasis is placed on key attributes and on the motivation for providing them, and an assessment is made of the experience gained in the implementation and use of the architecture. The main approaches are discussed for obtaining implementations at widely differing performance levels, and a number of significant implementation parameters for all processors are listed.When System/360 development was initiated, most new computer models were, from the viewpoint of their logical structure, improved, enlarged, or technologically recast versions of the machines developed in the early Copyright 1981 by International Business Machines Corporation. Copying is permitted without payment of royalty provided that (1) each reproduction is done without alteration and (2) the Journal reference and IBM copyright notice are included on the first page. The title and abstract may be used without further permission in computer-based and other information-service systems. Permission to republish other excerpts should be obtained from the Editor.

Low-End General-Purpose Systems

“…Based on the new 96-column card and its associated processing machines, a new version of the RPG programming language called RPG 11, new 110 devices including fixed and removable disks, and a new systems architecture, this system was widely accepted as an easy-to-use small batch system. (Cost consideration prohibited use of the Systed360 architecture [7].) In March 1971, the support for the Systed3 Model 6 offered comparable facilities in a small, versatile, operator-oriented system available without card equipment for batch processing.…”

"Do this! Do that!, And nothing will happen" Do specifications lead to securely stored passwords?

“…To test this we recruited 138 developers from an online platform for recruiting participants for studies, and asked them to write code to store a password in whatever language they were most comfortable with. Half the developers were asked to write down a specification-any form of specification from a formal definition [18] to a prose description [19]-of how they would implement this before they were allowed to write their solution, the rest were allowed to write their implementation immediately. We scored the security of their implementations using Naiakshina's end-user password storage criteria [3] (Figure 1), which is itself based on NIST SP 800-63-3 [20], and analyzed their written justifications of their choices and threats considered.…”

Compiler Design for Legal Document TranslationIn Digital Government

“…In fact, automated computer operations began in the late 1960's when IBM introduced the groundbreaking line of its mini computers and operating systems. One of the earliest successful models introduced by IBM was the OS/360 which was a supervisory batch software that controls system resources and delivers automatic transition from one task to another [2]. Thus the name batch processing was coined.…”