System & Contrast

Abstract

This article introduces a model called " System & Contrast" (S&C), which aims at describing the inner organization of structural segments within music pieces in terms of : (i) a carrier system, i.e. a sequence of morphological elements forming a multi-dimensional network of self-deducible syntagmatic relationships and (ii) a contrast, i.e. a substitutive element, usually the last one, which partly departs from the logic implied by the rest of the system. With a primary focus on pop music, the S&C model provides a framework to describe internal implication patterns in musical segments by encoding similarities and relations between its constitutive elements so as to minimize the complexity of the resulting description. It is applicable at several timescales and to a wide variety of musical dimensions in a polymorphous way, therefore offering an attractive meta-description of different types of musical contents. It has been used as a central component in the creation of a set of annotations for 380 pop songs (Bimbot, Sargent, Deruty, Guichaoua & Vincent, 2014).This article formalizes the S&C model, illustrates how it applies to music and establishes its filiation with Narmour's Implication-Realization model (Narmour 1990(Narmour , 1992

The Problem of Limited Inter-rater Agreement in Modelling Music Similarity

“…It is unclear whether the pieces have been post-annotated by human listeners, or if the annotations are derived from the underlying compositions. For the same RWC-POP data set, an alternative set of annotations 8 has been produced in the scope of the QUAERO project 9 , using guidelines detailed in Bimbot, Deruty, Sargent, and Vincent (2012). …”

[Retracted] Research on Segmentation Experience of Music Signal Improved Based on Maximization of Negative Entropy

“…e index structure established based on the results of the automatic segmentation will further improve the performance of the music retrieval system [6]. In addition, the automatic music segmentation system also helps to establish an objective theoretical system of music analysis in addition to the subjective way of human perception and intuition and reduces human prejudices and prejudices [7].…”

Estimating the Structural Segmentation of Popular Music Pieces Under Regularity Constraints

“…• The manual annotation of the music piece is performed by locating structural segments whose musical content is repeated over time and which show an internal consistency w.r.t. the System and Contrast model [17], whose properties are then used to label the various music segments [18]. • A property of regularity is enforced by an additional assumption favoring segments whose sizes tend to be distributed around a small number of values 2 .…”

“…Here, the audio stream is described by a variant of Chroma vectors 16 expressed at the scale of onbeats. Φ allows to search for segments whose inner organization can be modeled through a short sequence of midterm entities following a "System and Contrast" pattern [17] (i.e., patterns like aabb, aabc, abab and abac). The structural deviation cost Ψ is the same as IRISA11, with τ empirically set to 16 onbeats.…”