System closure in pulp and paper mills: network analysis by genetic algorithm

Flowrate targeting for threshold problems and plant-wide integration for water network synthesis

“…Bagajewicz and co-workers utilised LP and algorithmic procedures for the design of water network, for both single Bagajewicz, 2000a, b, 2001;Go´mez et al, 2001) and multiple impurities Savelski and Bagajewicz, 2003). More recent works on this area are dominated by the advanced mathematical optimisation approaches, such as fuzzy programming (Tan, 2002;Tan and Cruz, 2004), genetic algorithm (Tsai and Chang, 2001;Li et al, 2003;Prakotpol and Srinophakun, 2004;Shafiei et al, 2004;Lavric et al, 2005), random search optimisation (Poplewski et al, 2002;Jeżowski et al, 2003;Poplewski and Jeżowski, 2005) and particle swarm optimisation (Hul et al, 2007;Luo et al, 2007).…”

Synthesis of maximum water recovery network for batch process systems

“…Huang et al [30] and Benko et al [33,34] individually developed the mathematicallybased approach to include water treatment in the total water recovery network synthesis. More recent works on this area are dominated by fuzzy programming [45,47e 49] and genetic algorithm approaches [42,50,51]. The mathematically-based optimisation approach serves as a supplementary tool to the graphical pinch approach in addressing more complex systems, such as systems with many water-using processes (more than 10 streams) or multiple contaminant problems.…”

Water network synthesis in refinery

“…To resolve this problem, stochastic optimization such as evolutionary algorithm (EA), simulated annealing (SA) and ant colony optimization (ACO) has been developed to find the optimum solutions of non-convex problems [16][17][18][19][20].…”