System Dynamic Model for the Accumulation of Renewable Electricity using Power-to-Gas and Power-to-Liquid Concepts

Air pollution as a global issue is an essential health problem, faced by millions of people all over the world. It is a huge problem encountered by the citizens of the city of Prishtina, too. The benefit from the cheapest forms of energy, that generated from coal-fired power plants, and the one derived from the low financial cost, raises the question: do we have to compensate this energy with our health? This paper presents the analysis of the emanations, such are coal-fired power plants in the vicinity of the city of Prishtina, and aims to determine the accepted level and health framework boundaries for coal-fired power plants and coal processing activities. The research methods consist of empirical observations and data analysis on health degradation, environmental and greenhouse gas contribution to the climate change. The actual state of energy production is not the most effective pathway to the stability of basic load for energy. Hence, the debate focused around environment tends to fail the essential need for supplying Kosovo with electricity, something for which power plants are suitable. Unfortunately, with all our environmental stubborn beliefs, renewable sources such as sun and wind are not, in the present efficiency for Kosovo. The present hazardous air quality requires well defined lawful steps and activities. Thus, the research findings recommend and promote precise immediate environmental measures.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Climate Dilemma: Coal for Heating or Clean Air for Breathing: A Case of Prishtina

Bajçinovci

2019

“…There is also research done to analyse energy performance gaps in green office buildings [18], to model green economy [19], to analyse the best management scenarios of wetlands [20], or even forest fires [21]. There is also previous research done in analysing power-to-gas and power-to-liquid concept [22], which was adapted and used as a reference for power-to-gas concept in this research.…”

Section: Problem Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Sector Flexibility through Power-to-Heat and Power-to-Gas Application – System Dynamics Approach

Grāvelsiņš

Bažbauers

Blumberga

et al. 2019

Self Cite

The European Union has set the target for energy sector decarbonization. Variable renewable energy technologies are necessary to reach this target, but a high level of variable renewable energy raises the flexibility issues. In this research paper, the flexibility issue is addressed by analysing possibility of sector coupling via power-to-heat and power-to-gas applications by using system dynamics approach. The model is applied to the case of Latvia. Model results show that power-to-heat is a viable flexibility measure, and with additional financial incentives, it can even help to move towards decarbonization of the energy sector. In the best scenario, heat from surplus power can cover 37 % from total heat production in 2050. Unfortunately, in spite of a well-developed gas infrastructure, power-to-gas application is still very immature, and, in the best-case scenario with high incentives in power-to-gas technologies, only 7 % from available power surplus could be allocated for power-to-gas technologies in 2050.

“…This might push all dependant sectors, such as energy, SCO and SCP production etc. (all sectors which plan on expanding by increased use on household, agricultural or industrial residues or plant cultures), into forced redistribution of the available resources [75], [76].…”

Section: Environmental and Climate Technologies _____________________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Fish Feed and Fish Oil from Waste Biomass Using Microorganisms: Overview of Methods Analyzing Resource Availability

Spalviņš

Blumberga

2018

Self Cite

Aquaculture is currently the fastest growing food-producing sector in the world. The growth of this industry has been rapid for the last 25 years, however, aquaculture still relies heavily on feed input from wild capture fisheries. Landings in wild capture fisheries have been stagnant for the last two decades; therefore, new alternatives for conventional fish meal and fish oil need to be found. In this review, various alternatives are described and their advantages and disadvantages are evaluated. Single cell oils (SCO) and single cell proteins (SCP) produced by microorganisms are recognized as the alternative with the most potential for replacing fish meal and fish oil in aquacultures. However, production costs of SCOs and SCPsare still higher than production costs of Omega-3 rich oils from other sources (wild capture, plant derived oils and genetically modified plants); therefore, currently used substrates need to be replaced with cheaper agriculture and industrial biomass residues applicable for microbial fermentation. In order to evaluate various biodegradable residues and find the most suitable ones for SCO and SCP production, methods analysing resource availability are reviewed.