System Dynamics Approach to Pipe Network Analysis

Onizuka, Kotaro

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1986)112:8(728)

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Todini [150] provided an effective quasisteady model GGGA (generalized global gradient algorithm), but it was not helpful for inertia-enabled networks. Similar works were also carried out by various researchers including Shimada [151], Onizuka [152], Holloway [153], and Ahmed [154], and work on the application of RWC to a pressurized pipe was conducted by Islam and Chaudhry [155] and Nault and Karney [148,149]. Todini and Rossman [156] produced systems of nonlinear formulations for looped water distribution networks, and they used methods such as the NR (Newton-Raphson) method and LT (linear theory) to covert those into linear formulations, which show faster convergence rates than the nonlinear formulations.…”

Section: Modelling Of Unsteady Flows In Pipe Networksupporting

confidence: 62%

An Overview of the Numerical Approaches to Water Hammer Modelling: The Ongoing Quest for Practical and Accurate Numerical Approaches

Pal

Hanmaiahgari

Karney

2021

Water

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Here, recent developments in the key numerical approaches to water hammer modelling are summarized and critiqued. This paper summarizes one-dimensional modelling using the finite difference method (FDM), the method of characteristics (MOC), and especially the more recent finite volume method (FVM). The discussion is briefly extended to two-dimensional modelling, as well as to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches. Finite volume methods are of particular note, since they approximate the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) in a volume integral form, thus intrinsically conserving mass and momentum fluxes. Accuracy in transient modelling is particularly important in certain (typically more nuanced) applications, including fault (leakage and blockage) detection. The FVM, first advanced using Godunov’s scheme, is preferred in cases where wave celerity evolves over time (e.g., due to the release of air) or due to spatial changes (e.g., due to changes in wall thickness). Both numerical and experimental studies demonstrate that the first-order Godunov’s scheme compares favourably with the MOC in terms of accuracy and computational speed; with further advances in the FVM schemes, it progressively achieves faster and more accurate codes. The current range of numerical methods is discussed and illustrated, including highlighting both their limitations and their advantages.

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Section: Modelling Of Unsteady Flows In Pipe Networksupporting

confidence: 62%

An Overview of the Numerical Approaches to Water Hammer Modelling: The Ongoing Quest for Practical and Accurate Numerical Approaches

Pal

Hanmaiahgari

Karney

2021

Water

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“…This involves solving a sequence of steady-state-flow problems, using methods as described in Jeppson (1981) and Osiadacz (1987), over a series of discrete time steps, where external conditions change at each time step. If greater accuracy is required, methods based on rigid water-column theory for slow transients (Onizuka 1986;, or on elastic-water-column theory for rapid transients (Bosserman 1978;Boulos et al 1989) can be applied. For branched, open-channel networks, transient flow conditions can be determined from numerical solutions to the shallow water-wave equations or their approximations [see Keefer and Jobson (1978), for example].…”

Section: Network-flow Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Volume‐Element Method for Network Water‐Quality Models

Rossman¹,

Boulos²,

Altman³

1993

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

122

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An explicit dynamic water-quality modeling algorithm is developed for tracking dissolved substances in water-distribution networks. The algorithm is based on a mass-balance relation within pipes that considers both advective transport and reaction kinetics. Complete mixing of material is assumed at pipe junctions and storage tanks. The algorithm automatically selects a pipe-segmentation scheme and computational time step that satisfies conservation of mass and seeks to minimize numerical dispersion. In contrast to previous water-quality models, there is no need to first find unique flow paths through the network. The resulting method is both robust and efficient, and can be readily applied to all types of network configurations and dynamic hydraulic conditions. The applicability of the method is demonstrated using an example pipe-distribution network. Enhancement of distribution-system water-quality management is a principal benefit of the methodology.

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“…The use of the graph theory in civil engineering computing has been extensively presented in the literature. For example, some of the subjects covered are analysis of pipe networks (Shimada 1989), computer-assisted mapping for ground surveys (Qi and Lall 1989), a methodology for finding the optimal layout of a detection system in a municipal water network (Kessler et al 1998), graphic theoretic formulation, which yields a system of ordinary differential equations that describes the dynamic behavior of flows in networks (Onizuka 1986), and a user-optimizing program for traffic assignment based on graph theory concepts (Hatfield 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinatorial Representations in Structural Analysis

Shai

2001

J. Comput. Civ. Eng.

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The work presented in this paper is part of a general research work, during which combinatorial representations based on graph and matroid theories were developed and then applied to different engineering fields. The main combinatorial representations used in this paper are flow and resistance graphs, and resistance matroid representations. The first was applied to the analysis of determinate trusses and the last two were applied to the analysis of indeterminate trusses. This paper gives a description of the representations and the methods embedded within them. The principal methods described in this paper are the conductance cutset method and the resistance circuit method that are mutually dual and are defined for both resistance graph and resistance matroid representations. The present paper shows that the known displacement and force methods are dual since they are the derivatives of the conductance cutset method and resistance circuit method, respectively. The importance of using combinatorial representations in structural mechanics is not only due to the intellectual insight provided by it, but also to its practical applicability. Some practical applications of the approach are reported in this paper, among them even a novel pedagogical framework for structural analysis.

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System Dynamics Approach to Pipe Network Analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

An Overview of the Numerical Approaches to Water Hammer Modelling: The Ongoing Quest for Practical and Accurate Numerical Approaches

An Overview of the Numerical Approaches to Water Hammer Modelling: The Ongoing Quest for Practical and Accurate Numerical Approaches

Discrete Volume‐Element Method for Network Water‐Quality Models

Combinatorial Representations in Structural Analysis

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