System Engineering Approach of Diabetes Treatment

Abstract

The paper gives a short system engineering review on the treatment of diabetes covering control engineering and mathematical modeling issues. The Artificial Pancreas (AP) concept is discussed together with the Intensive Care (ICU) idea for automatic treatment of diabetic patients. This highly interdisciplinary concept involves beyond medical sciences, control engineering and biomedical engineering knowledge. Having already developed continuous glucose sensor devices and highly performant insulin pumps, the automatic control concept could be an efficient solution for millions of people living with diabetes for accurate metabolic conditions management.

Physiological and Bioinspired Systems Development at Obuda University: Research Activities in Budapest, a Reach Across Related Fields for the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society

“…A good example is the artificial pancreas (AP) concept. Three main components are needed to realize an AP [7]: ◆ continuous glucose monitoring system, which provides the necessary information, i.e., the blood glucose level, about the process to be regulated ◆ insulin pump system, which is the external actuator and is able to inject the insulin hormone according to the determined rules or as the control algorithms require ◆ advanced control algorithms, which are needed for the appropriate regulatory action, i.e., to keep the blood glucose level in a narrow and healthy range. This concept can be generalized as Figure 3 shows.…”

Kinetic modelling of enzymatic biodiesel production from castor oil: Temperature dependence of the Ping Pong parameters

“…A 20 mL flask containing the reaction mixture was placed in a shaker rotating at 160 rpm for 30 min at a controlled temperature in the range of 30-60 8C using well-documented preparation procedures. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The samples were subsequently centrifuged at 4500 rpm for 15 min prior to analysis by gas chromatography. Every test was duplicated and the average results are reported here.…”

“…Enzyme concentrations of 0.005-0.5 g/g (0.5-50 mass %) have been used by other researchers as reported in the literature. [31][32][33][34][35] In our work, 0.05 g/g (5 mass%) (based on the oil mass) of Novozym 435 was added to the mixture. To maintain enzyme activity, 0.01 g/g (1 mass%) (based on the oil mass) of water was also added.…”

The evolution of strength, elasticity and rupture behaviour of birch tar made with ‘double‐pot’ techniques during tar cooking

“…The upper pot is heated from the outside. Some authors present ceramic pots documenting that (at least) similar methods were employed for birch tar making as early as the European Bronze Age (Jakucs & S andorné Kov acs, 2012) and Chinese Neolithic (Rao et al, 2019). However, tar produced by double-pot methods has low viscosity (Schenck & Groom, 2018) and cannot be used as an adhesive (it is sometimes termed birch oil or birch bark oil).…”