The article deals with the issues of increasing the reliability of power transformers used in power supply systems for agriculture and water management. Also, the degree of damage to power transformers was studied in terms of the physical and chemical composition of transformer oil, materials were given for assessing the state of insulation by the degree of damage to the insulation of individual units of the power transformer. By measuring the temperature of the most heated part and the chemical composition of the transformer oil, it is possible to determine the degree of wear of the insulation of the power transformer in the operating mode, which allows to increase their service life by 15% and prevent accidents in the networks.