System Justification or Social Dominance? A Multilevel Test of the Ideological Motivators of Perceived Discrimination

Bahamondes, Joaquín; Sibley, Chris G.; Osborne, Danny

doi:10.1177/01461672211036020

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…These findings demonstrate the longstanding problem of racism in society that these young adults are subjected to, and that the pandemic brought about amplified experiences of discrimination among Asian minorities. Although a large proportion from the ethnic majority reported some level of discrimination, this is not a new finding and is consistent with previous research [ 2 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

Plenty

Bracegirdle

Dollmann

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial disruptions to the daily lives of young people. Yet knowledge is lacking about changes in mental well-being among young adults, whether those from ethnic minorities were more adversely impacted by the pandemic than the ethnic majority, and the extent to which pandemic-related stressors contributed to any declines in mental well-being. Methods We draw on nationally representative German CILS4COVID data, collected early in the pandemic (N = 3517, Mage = 25). Respondents provided information on mental well-being (psychosomatic complaints, anxiety, depression, life satisfaction) and exposure to pandemic-related stressors (financial worries, health worries, discrimination, contact with COVID-19). Responses on mental well-being were matched to responses from two pre-pandemic waves. Individual fixed effects regressions examined ethnic group differences in changes in mental well-being prior to, and at the early stage of, the pandemic. Path analysis tested the role of pandemic-related stressors in declines in mental well-being. Results Overall, young adults’ mental well-being had improved at the pandemic assessment compared to pre-pandemic assessments, and few ethnic group differences in changes were found. However, greater pandemic-related stressors were associated with worsened mental well-being at the pandemic assessment. Among Asian minorities, indirect effects were found on anxiety via health worries, and on depression via health worries and discrimination. For Turkish, Middle Eastern and African minorities, indirect effects on anxiety and depression were found via health worries. Conclusions We did not find widespread declines in mental well-being among young adults at the early stage of the pandemic, and changes in mental well-being prior to and at the early stage of the pandemic were mostly similar across ethnic German and minority groups. Nevertheless, pandemic-related stressors posed risks for young adults’ mental well-being, particularly increased discrimination and health worries among Asian minorities, and health worries among Turkish, Middle Eastern and African minorities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

Plenty

Bracegirdle

Dollmann

et al. 2021

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health

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“…However, the research on the relationship between SDO and perceived discrimination is inconclusive. While some studies suggest a negative relationship between SDO and the perception of ethnic victimization among ethnic minorities (e.g., Thomsen et al, 2010), in other studies, SDO is positively associated with the perception of racist discrimination among ethnic minority members (e.g., Bahamondes et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Damned if She Does: The Subordinate Male Target Hypothesis and Discrimination of Social Dominant Female Minority Members

Buhl¹,

Asbrock²,

Sibley³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The Subordinate Male Target Hypothesis (SMTH) proposes that racism is a gendered form of discrimination based on an ethnicity-by-gender interaction: compared to female ethnic minority members, male ethnic minority members are more likely to be direct targets of racist discrimination. This study examined whether the SMTH, which originally refers to objective discrimination, would also apply to subjectively perceived discrimination in the form of active harm. Further, we proposed that Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) in female ethnic minority members would moderate the predictions of the SMTH. We tested our hypotheses using multiple linear regression analyses among a representative sample of New Zealand Europeans as the ethnic majority in New Zealand and Non-Europeans as the ethnic minority. As hypothesized, male non-Europeans reported more active harm than female non-Europeans. Unexpectedly, not only female, but also male, non-Europeans high in SDO reported more active harm than non-Europeans low in SDO. Therefore, applied to perceived discrimination, racist discrimination is based on an ethnicity-by-SDO interaction and not on an ethnicity-by-gender interaction. Together, these findings provide evidence that the SMTH cannot be unreservedly extended to perceived discrimination and that other processes may underlie these subjective experiences of discrimination that need to be considered in more detail.

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“…Nonetheless, both studies did reveal that members of high-status groups generally high on GRD were also high on RWA and SDO. Previous research demonstrates that perceptions of disadvantage—particularly discrimination—are associated with competitive, socially dominant beliefs among high-status groups (e.g., see Bahamondes et al, 2022). Likewise, previous research shows that GRD correlates positively with right-wing extremism (e.g., Doosje et al, 2012, 2013; Kunst & Obaidi, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetries in responses to group-based relative deprivation: The moderating effects of group status on endorsement of right-wing ideology

Lilly,

Sibley,

Osborne

2023

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Feelings of group-based relative deprivation (GRD) motivate collective responses to defend the ingroup. As such, there may be status-based asymmetries in the associations GRD has with ideologies that perpetuate inequality—namely, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO). Study 1 examined this hypothesis using a national sample of adults ( N = 41,007) and revealed that the correlations GRD had with RWA and SDO were positive among members of a high-status group but negative among members of low-status groups. Study 2 examined these associations longitudinally ( N = 22,083) across eight annual assessments. Although a traditional cross-lagged panel analysis identified status-based asymmetries in the longitudinal associations between our variables of interest, analyses partitioning between-person stability from within-person change found no evidence that GRD leads to differences in RWA or SDO (or vice versa). The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

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System Justification or Social Dominance? A Multilevel Test of the Ideological Motivators of Perceived Discrimination

Cited by 11 publications

References 76 publications

Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

Changes in young adults' mental well-being before and during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: disparities between ethnic groups in Germany

Damned if She Does: The Subordinate Male Target Hypothesis and Discrimination of Social Dominant Female Minority Members

Asymmetries in responses to group-based relative deprivation: The moderating effects of group status on endorsement of right-wing ideology

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