System-level comparison of ammonia, compressed and liquid hydrogen as fuels for polymer electrolyte fuel cell powered shipping

Ye, Minnan; Sharp, Phil; Brandon, Nigel P.; Kucernak, Anthony

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.164

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Highpressure storage or cryogenic storage is currently expensive and faces commercialization challenges. 76 Several promising hydrogen storage methods are developing, like ammonia and liquid organic hydrogen carriers. 77,78 As a result, hydrogen prices are difficult to predict in the future, but they are expected to fall.…”

Section: Lcohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway toward cost-effective green hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer

Liu

Clausen

wang

et al. 2023

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Section: Lcohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway toward cost-effective green hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer

Liu

Clausen

wang

et al. 2023

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…As an aspect of hydrogen storage [20], high-pressure gas storage and the control of the rapid filling process of hydrogen into fuel cells [21] or the effect of refuelling parameters on the storage density of compressed hydrogen storage [22] are interesting topics for many researchers. Researchers have also compared compressed and liquid hydrogen as fuels for fuel cells in terms of energy efficiency, environmental impact, and cost [23]. High-surface-area hydrogen storage [24] and nanoporous hydrogen storage adsorbents [25] have also been studied by others.…”

Section: Hydrogen Storage Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power System for a Micro Vehicle: Sizing Design and Hydrogen Storage Evaluation

Aslam,

Felix,

Kalyvas

et al. 2023

Vehicles

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This work focuses on the design of a hybrid proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) solution for any micro vehicle such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A hydrogen fuel cell can provide extended operation, low emissions, and a highly efficient form of energy storage compared with alternative methods, while a battery can be used as an additional energy storage system to support the transient and higher loads required by the UAV, which are not suitable for normal fuel cell operation. The choice of hydrogen storage is one of the main challenges in using hydrogen as an energy carrier. The current study discusses a range of hydrogen storage technologies and provides a methodology for selection for a given application. A sizing design methodology for a hybrid fuel cell system is proposed. Then, it is applied to a case study to demonstrate its implementation.

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“…Developing alternative fuels is crucial to fulfilling the requirements of maritime shipping [16]. Hydrogen presents itself as a carbon-neutral energy option possessing a significant mass energy density [17]. It has the potential to serve as fuel in a range of technologies, including internal combustion engines (ICEs), fuel cells [18], and gas turbines, aiming to achieve environmentally friendly emission objectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of the Establishment of Safety Zones and Quantitative Risk Analysis during Ship-to-Ship LNG Bunkering

Duong,

Ryu,

Jung

et al. 2024

Energies

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This study comprehensively reviews the current academic literature concerning the safety and risk assessment associated with the utilization of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in ship-to-ship bunkering scenarios. Simultaneously, it explores the complex system of regulations, standards, and guidelines that oversee the thorough evaluation of risks linked to ship-to-ship LNG bunkering procedures. Special attention is given to the scrutiny of legal frameworks that encompass a range of safety considerations, such as storage facilities, transportation, bunkering processes, and the vessels involved in both bunkering and receiving. The research questions are formulated to provide a clear direction and objectives for this study’s journey. The main hazards and risks related to LNG bunkering are identified and analyzed. The legal framework for LNG bunkering risk assessment is analyzed, and opportunities for improvement in these legal documents are identified. The general methodology and procedure for the safety assessment of the LNG bunkering process are summarized and established. From an extensive compilation of scholarly articles, 210 high-quality research papers have been deliberately selected for thorough examination. The research gaps are identified and analyzed. Through this analysis, the highlighted studies and key points are mentioned and analyzed. The research gaps are also outlined to predict the future directions of research on establishing safety zones during LNG ship-to-ship bunkering. Recommendations are made to propose improvements to the legal documents and suggest further research on the establishment of safety zones during ship-to-ship LNG bunkering to relevant authorities.

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System-level comparison of ammonia, compressed and liquid hydrogen as fuels for polymer electrolyte fuel cell powered shipping

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Pathway toward cost-effective green hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer

Pathway toward cost-effective green hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer

Design of a Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power System for a Micro Vehicle: Sizing Design and Hydrogen Storage Evaluation

A Comprehensive Review of the Establishment of Safety Zones and Quantitative Risk Analysis during Ship-to-Ship LNG Bunkering

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