System-on-Chip FPGA Devices for Complex Electrical Energy Systems Control

Hilairet, Mickaël; Spagnuolo, G.; Cirstea, Marcian

doi:10.1109/mie.2021.3052179

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The IP and the interrupt latency measurement methodology proposed in the paper can be easily reused in SoC FPGA technologies (Xilinx Zynq, Intel FPGA Arria 10, or Intel FPGA Cyclone V devices) [40], where the processing system is based on ARM microprocessors, which is one of the most promising digital technologies for implementing smart controllers.…”

Section: Timing Analysis Of Interrupt Latency By Means Of a Dedicated...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrupt Latency Accurate Measurement in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems by Means of a Dedicated Circuit

Alonso,

Muguira,

Garate

et al. 2024

Electronics

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Modern multiprocessing embedded applications require, in many cases, two different environments on the same platform: one that meets real-time requirements and another one with a general purpose operating system. Although several technologies can be used, two of the most popular are virtualization based on hypervisors and asymmetric multiprocessing software. However, using these tools introduces latency, which must be measured to verify compliance with real-time requirements. With the aim of facilitating these measurements, this work provides a hardware tool that is more precise and easier to use than other existing software solutions. The paper also studies the interrupt latency generated by different hypervisors and asymmetric multiprocessing frameworks in a Zynq UltraScale+ platform. This research work facilitates the accurate study of the temporal response of multiprocessor embedded systems, which allows for evaluating their suitability for applications with real-time requirements.

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Section: Timing Analysis Of Interrupt Latency By Means Of a Dedicated...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrupt Latency Accurate Measurement in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems by Means of a Dedicated Circuit

Alonso,

Muguira,

Garate

et al. 2024

Electronics

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“…A clear example is the currently very active domain of perception algorithms for ADAS and autonomous driving. Similarly, based on the parallel characteristics inherent in such deep neural networks applied to electric machine drives, an FPGAbased or GPU-based implementation also appears promising and is highly recommended in [37].…”

Section: Implementing Artificial Intelligence-based Motor Drives In Embedded Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deep Learning has also been applied and is in the process of transforming many real-world applications, including entertainment, healthcare, fraud detection, virtual assistants, and autonomous vehicles. Hardware platforms including GPUs and FPGA fabric can also achieve very good parallel computing performance with architecture customization [37], which is intrinsically wellsuited for the parallel characteristics inherent in such deep neural networks and hence their widespread applications in power electronics and motor drives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. While most deep neural networks require some complex offline training processes, the online inference process can be made relatively simple through pruning and quantization methods [37], such that the groups of artificial neurons that rarely or never fire are removed and the numeric precision of the weights is reduced, resulting in a reduced model size and a faster computation are achieved at the cost of minimal reductions in predictive accuracy [78].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial Intelligence in Electric Machine Drives: Advances and Trends

Zhang¹

2021

Preprint

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This review paper systematically summarizes the existing literature on applying classical AI techniques and advanced deep learning algorithms to electric machine drives. It is anticipated that with the rapid progress in deep learning models and embedded hardware platforms, AI-based data-driven approaches will become increasingly popular for the automated high-performance control of electric machines. Additionally, this paper also provides some outlook towards promoting its widespread application in the industry, such as implementing advanced RL algorithms with good domain adaptation and transfer learning capabilities and deploying them onto low-cost SoC FPGA devices.

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“…62 In order to overcome the limitation of the software solutions, an FPGA can be considered as an alternative digital controller. 63 In fact, when the FPGA is connected to a fast analog-to-digital converter (ADC), it allows a few microseconds to compute the control algorithm, despite its complexity. 64,65 The novelty and the main contributions of this article in both theoretical and practical aspects are shown as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Xilinx Virtex-field-programmable gate array for hardware in the loop of sensorless second-order sliding mode control and model reference adaptive system–sliding mode observer for direct torque control of induction motor drive

Krim

Mimouni

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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This article aims first to propose an improved space vector modulation–direct torque control in order to enhance the induction motor performance using: (1) a super-twisting controller and (2) a novel model reference adaptive system based on a sliding mode observer. Second, due to the complexity of the suggested control algorithm, this article deals also with a hardware implementation on a field-programmable gate array board. Indeed, the field-programmable gate array is mainly chosen to reduce the execution time, thanks to its parallel processing which significantly improves the quality of the control system by reducing the sampling period, and consequently the delays in the control loop. Besides, the super-twisting controller is proposed to enhance the speed regulation loop which is a second-order sliding mode control technique that uses a continuous control law to prevent the chattering phenomenon induced by the first-order sliding mode control technique. Moreover, the high performance control requires information about the rotor speed which can be obtained by a sensor. Generally, the use of the speed sensor increases the system cost and size, and reduces its system reliability. Therefore, a combination between a model reference adaptive system observer and a sliding mode observer is suggested for speed estimation and overcoming the sensitivity of the classical model reference adaptive system observer against uncertainties and stator resistance variations. The performance of the proposed space vector modulation--direct torque control--super-twisting controller with the model reference adaptive system--sliding mode observer algorithm of an induction motor is verified through simulation, hardware co-simulation and experimental validation utilizing a field-programmable gate array Virtex-5-ML507 board. The performance of the suggested sensorless control method is compared also with other recent published schemes.

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System-on-Chip FPGA Devices for Complex Electrical Energy Systems Control

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Interrupt Latency Accurate Measurement in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems by Means of a Dedicated Circuit

Interrupt Latency Accurate Measurement in Multiprocessing Embedded Systems by Means of a Dedicated Circuit

Artificial Intelligence in Electric Machine Drives: Advances and Trends

Design and Xilinx Virtex-field-programmable gate array for hardware in the loop of sensorless second-order sliding mode control and model reference adaptive system–sliding mode observer for direct torque control of induction motor drive

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