Systematic characterization of triterpenoid saponins in Kuding tea using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Dai, Mengxiang; Shi, Qingxin; Lin, Yang; Xiang, Xingliang; Jin, Shuna; Zhang, Lijun; Yang, Bo; Huang, Rongzeng; Song, Chengwu

doi:10.1007/s11696-021-02023-w

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Given this context, the most commonly employed technique is liquid chromatography (high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, or ultraperformance liquid chromatography, UPLC). However, due to the complexity of saponins, this analysis can be combined with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD-ESI-MS), or quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF/MS). , According to Savarino et al, mass spectrometry methods have, nowadays, achieved the maturity to allow the identification of saponins in plant extracts, even though saponins usually occur as multicomponent mixtures with compounds of similar structure. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy technique (1D and 2D) has also been reported to establish saponin structures. , The appropriate chemical characterization of saponins and saponin-rich extracts can also play a key role to determine the composition–properties relationship, helping to evaluate their suitability toward final applications.…”

Section: Saponins: Extraction Purification and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the complexity of saponins, this analysis can be combined with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), 47 electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD-ESI-MS), 48 or quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF/MS). 49 , 50 According to Savarino et al, 51 mass spectrometry methods have, nowadays, achieved the maturity to allow the identification of saponins in plant extracts, even though saponins usually occur as multicomponent mixtures with compounds of similar structure. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy technique (1D and 2D) has also been reported to establish saponin structures.…”

Section: Saponins: Extraction Purification and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saponins as Natural Emulsifiers for Nanoemulsions

Schreiner

Dias

Barreiro

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The awareness of sustainability approaches has focused attention on replacing synthetic emulsifiers with natural alternatives when formulating nanoemulsions. In this context, a comprehensive review of the different types of saponins being successfully used to form and stabilize nanoemulsions is presented, highlighting the most common natural sources and biosynthetic routes. Processes for their extraction and purification are also reviewed altogether with the recent advances for their characterization. Concerning the preparation of the nanoemulsions containing saponins, the focus has been initially given to screening methods, lipid phase used, and production procedures, but their characterization and delivery systems explored are also discussed. Most experimental outcomes showed that the saponins present high performance, but the challenges associated with the saponins' broader application, mainly the standardization for industrial use, are identified. Future perspectives report, among others, the emerging biotechnological processes and the use of byproducts in a circular economy context.

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