Systematic design of reconfigurable quadrature directional couplers

Mextorf, Henning; Lehmann, Thomas; Knoechel, R.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2009.5165870

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In reference [7], two switches were placed in the center of the hybrid couplers Z b branches (Z b =Z 0 in case of -3dB coupler). In the first mode of operation, the two switches are open and the coupler behaves as a regular coupler (under the condition that port 4 is connected to a Z 0 load).…”

Section: A Design 1 Operation and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the rapid development of mobile communication devices, with various wireless applications integrated on the same device; there is a dire need for systems with reconfigurable capability [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], such as reconfigurable antennas. In literature several successful attempts were made to design reconfigurable power dividers or couplers to utilize in dual state amplifiers, polarization and frequency agile antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstrip quad mode reconfigurable power divider

Hammad

Antar

2014

2014 44th European Microwave Conference

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A new quad mode 2-way Microstrip reconfigurable power divider is presented. The proposed power divider, through the use of 4 or 6 switches, can alternate the operating mode between a total of 4 modes. The four operating modes are: totally directing the power into one of the two output ports (1:0) & (0:1) and two-way equal power split with + or -90 o phase shifts (1:j) & (j:1). Several dividers were designed, and simulated. One design was fabricated and measured; very close agreement was obtained between the simulated and fabricated results.

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Section: A Design 1 Operation and Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstrip quad mode reconfigurable power divider

Hammad

Antar

2014

2014 44th European Microwave Conference

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“…Reconfigurable components [2]- [31] were popular research topics because each of them provided a different desired responses by using one device. [2], [4]- [6], [9]- [11], [13], [14], [18], [19], [24], and [28]- [31] have used varactors/active inductors to adjust their phases, operating frequencies, or power splitting ratios. [3], [7], [8], [23], [25], and [26] have used p-i-n diodes to provide switching couplers and dividers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Content may change prior to final publication. (14). Each of the diodes D and D in microstrip BLC B requires the via hole for connecting with ground.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designs of Branch-Line Couplers by Considering the Parasitic Effects of P-I-N Diodes

Deng

Chen

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Branch-line couplers (BLCs) are commonly used in the wireless systems. To achieve reconfigurable applications, switchable BLCs with p-i-n diodes can be used. Several studies have used diode parasitic reverse-biased capacitor and forward-biased inductor to approach off and on states. Although the capacitance and inductance are usually low, the parasitic effect may degrade predicted switching responses. This study proposes five reconfigurable switching microstrip BLCs. Each of the first two presented BLCs uses shunt to ground diodes for realizing two switching modes. The first mode with reverse-biased capacitors for perfect matching design is equivalent to a conventional branch-line coupler (BLC). The second mode uses low forward-biased inductances to approach shunt to ground, which transfers most signal power from Port 1 to Port 2/4; however, parasitic inductors produce some mismatches. To improve this problem, the proposed third or fourth BLC achieves two perfect matching modes by using shunt stub-loaded diodes. Specifically, by using four stub-loaded diodes, the proposed final BLC exhibits three perfect matching modes and one perfect isolation mode under a lossless ideal circuit condition.

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“…Fig 2.5 (a) shows a typical design of a frequency-agile tunable coupler that has achieved a tunability range of 27% [62]. By loading varactor diodes on a branch-line structure, the narrow operating band of a 3-dB coupler can be shifted [63]- [65]. In [66], a tunable directional coupler was implemented in CMOS to achieve a wide operating frequency tuning range, from 2 to 6 GHz.…”

Section:  Other Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-functional and Tunable Microwave Devices and Sub-systems for Wideband Applications

Zhu¹

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Microwave components and sub-systems have been widely investigated in recent years since they play essential roles in microwave systems. With the rapid development and explosive extension of microwave techniques, high speed, large data volume, and electromagnetic compatibility are not the only issues that concern designers, practitioners, and researchers. Features like multi-functionality, reconfigurability, portability, low energy consumption, miniaturization of circuit size and simple construction have come into focus more and more in recent years. Currently, microwave devices are suffering from several drawbacks: huge losses from a lack of integration of individual components, lack of new functionality, poor adaptability to different environments, low efficiency, flexibility and controllability, high cost and energy consumption, and insufficient miniaturization of circuit size.With these existing challenges and the huge call for innovation in microwave components and subsystems, new design approaches and structures are extremely in demand and a high point of focus.This thesis aims to solve some of the current challenges mentioned above by making four main contributions.The first contribution is the development of new design approaches to design microwave devices with multiple functions to replace cascaded devices with a single function. The main target is to reduce the overall number of components used in constructing microwave systems. With a large number of cascaded devices, huge losses will be produced which decrease systems" reliability and overall performance, not to mention the current large circuit volumes, high cost, and energy consumption. Multi-functional componentry is a suitable and proper solution to solve these problems. In wireless microwave systems, power dividers are usually cascaded with bandpass filters, to get rid of unwanted signals and transmit the desired ones. When the number of output terminations is raised, more filters are required, which makes it more difficult for design and implementation. A four-way power divider integrated with filtering characteristics is proposed to replace the cascaded structures. The proposed design shows equal power division, great selection of filtering signals and reduction in device numbers and overall cost.The second contribution is the development of multiple tunable microwave devices which can be controlled and adapted to different environments. An electrical tuning method is used by loading varactors on microstrip lines. To begin with, tunable bandpass filters were investigated to achieve high tunability of both centre frequency and bandwidth. To that end, several new designs with varactor-loaded coupled-line sections were proposed and verified. Relocatable transmission zero was realised to control the cut-off of the passband at two edges. The concept was applied in the II design of a tunable balanced bandpass filter with a wide tuning range and high common-mode suppression. Wideband power dividers with tunable power division at output termi...

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Systematic design of reconfigurable quadrature directional couplers

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Microstrip quad mode reconfigurable power divider

Microstrip quad mode reconfigurable power divider

Designs of Branch-Line Couplers by Considering the Parasitic Effects of P-I-N Diodes

Multi-functional and Tunable Microwave Devices and Sub-systems for Wideband Applications

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