As a new form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis is
closely related
to various diseases. To interpret this biological behavior and monitor
related pathological processes, it is necessary to develop appropriate
detection strategies and tools. Considering that ferroptosis is featured
with remarkable lipid peroxidation of various cell membranes, it is
logical to detect membranes’ structural and environmental changes
for the direct assessment of ferroptosis. For this sake, we designed
novel polarity-sensitive fluorescent probes Mem-C
1
C
18
and Mem-C
18
C
18
, which have superior plasma membrane anchorage, high brightness,
and sensitive responses to environmental polarity by changing their
fluorescence lifetimes. Mem-C
1
C
18
with much less tendency
to aggregate than Mem-C
18
C
18
outperformed the latter in high
resolution fluorescence labeling of artificial vesicle membranes and
plasma membranes of live cells. Thus, Mem-C
1
C
18
was selected
to monitor plasma membranes damaged along ferroptosis process for
the first time, in combination with the technique of fluorescence
lifetime imaging (FLIM). After treating HeLa cells with Erastin, a
typical ferroptosis inducer, the mean fluorescence lifetime of Mem-C
1
C
18
displayed a considerable increase from 3.00 to 4.93 ns, with
a 64% increase (corresponding to the polarity parameter Δf increased from 0.213 to 0.232). Therefore, our idea to
utilize a probe to quantitate the changes in polarity of plasma membranes
proves to be an effective method in the evaluation of the ferroptosis
process.