Systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine cysticercosis in Brazil: current knowledge and way forward

Abstract

Background: Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis has been well studied in several countries. Brazil is one of the most important beef exporting countries and has one of the highest cattle population size in the world. In this country, bovine cysticercosis (BCC) remains the most frequent reported zoonosis detected during post-mortem inspection, resulting in costs for the beef sector and public health. We performed a systematic literature review regarding data about BCC epidemiology in Brazil and meta-analyses for its prevalence in different administrative regions and the distribution over time, and based on this discussed possible control strategies. Methods:A systematic review was conducted to obtain data about BCC in Brazil using the words "bovine cysticercosis" and "Brazil" to construct the search phrase. The inclusion criteria used to select articles were: (i) published from 2000 to 2018; (ii) full text available online in Portuguese or English; and (iii) contain information at least regarding one of the following aspects of BCC in Brazil: prevalence, incidence, spatial distribution, risk-factors, economic burden and measures for control. Results:A set of 42 articles was included, covering the prevalence of BCC in Brazil, ranging between 0.01-18.75%. Prevalence results of 40 articles were included in a meta-analysis per administrative region. The highest prevalence was found in the South (3.4%; 95% CI: 2.0-5.2%), followed by the Southeast (2.7%; 95% CI: 1.9-3.6%), Northeast (1.5%; 95% CI: 0.6-2.7%), Central-western (0.9%; 95% CI: 0.3-1.7%) and North (0.0%; 95% CI: 0.0-0.6%) region. In addition, a reduction in prevalence over time was observed in all the evaluated states except for Alagoas and Pará. Conclusions:Besides the large availability of data, a critical lack of information about BCC epidemiology remains in Brazil. Nevertheless, the available data on prevalence, high risk-areas and risk factors should contribute to a better understanding of transmission and the formulation of recommendations for control. A One Health approach will be required to reduce T. saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis prevalence and the consequent economic burden for the beef sector in Brazil, one of the most important beef exporters in the world.

Epidemiological analyses of cattle carcasses affected by cysticercosis and hydatidosis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul from 2014 to 2018

“…In a meta-analysis study, Rossi et al (2020) reported a reduction in the prevalence of cysticercosis over time in several Brazilian states. In general, a reduction in occurrence rates was observed over the years, which was more pronounced for cysticercosis than for hydatidosis.…”

“…They can also spread through the air, rain or other climatic phenomena, contaminating water or food, which constitute a transmission route to cattle, the intermediate hosts (Thompson 2017). Infected cattle develop cysticercosis characterized by cysticerci at various anatomical sites (Rossi et al 2020), but preferably in skeletal or cardiac muscles (Marshall et al 2016). Echinococcus granulosus has a similar biological cycle.…”

Atualizações Do Regulamento De Inspeção Industrial E Sanitária De Produtos De Origem Animal (Riispoa): O Que Mudou Na Inspeção Higiênico-Sanitária No Brasil?

“…Trata-se de uma grande evolução para os estabelecimentos de abate de bovino, pois obriga uma maior proximidade do estabelecimento com o seu fornecedor de matéria-prima, possibilitando um maior controle dos produtores que resultam no abate de animais com maior prevalência de patologias e doenças infecciosas, incluindo as zoonóticas. Tais ações resultarão em um maior controle de áreas geográficas com maior prevalência de doenças específicas, como a cisticercose (ROSSI et al, 2020), além da diminuição de prejuízos econômicos frente às condenações oriundas da inspeção ante e post mortem e maior eficiência no controle sanitário dos produtos de origem animal.…”

Impacto Econômico Aos Pecuaristas Decorrente Da Detecção De Cisticercose Bovina Em Um Abatedouro-Frigorífico Do Estado De São Paulo, Brasil

“…Esse parasita tem sido frequentemente relatado em países subdesenvolvidos e desenvolvidos de diferentes continentes, como nas Américas (BRAAE et al 2018), Ásia (EICHENBERGER et al 2020), África (SARATSIS et al 2019) e Europa (LARANJO-GONZÁLEZ et al 2016). No Brasil, essa zoonose é frequentemente detectada nos abatedourosfrigoríficos e a sua distribuição espacial varia entre as diferentes regiões do país, com uma maior ocorrência nas Regiões Sul e Sudeste (ROSSI et al, 2014;ROSSI et al 2020).…”

“…Número Rossi et al (2017), entre os anos de 2010 a 2015, determinou-se uma prevalência de 0,62% no Brasil. Ambos os estudos trazem valores próximos ao encontrado nesse estudo, mas sabe-se que a ocorrência dessa enfermidade é variável nas diferentes regiões, estados e municípios brasileiros (ROSSI et al 2020) e que frequentemente valores superiores ao deste trabalho são reportados no Estado de São Paulo (FERREIRA et al 2014;COMIN et al 2021).…”