Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Good Self-Care Practice among People Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia: A National Call to Bolster Lifestyle Changes

Abstract

Background. Self-care practice is the mainstay of management for good glycemic control. Despite the presence of a few pocket studies, no comprehensive study was conducted in Ethiopia to demonstrate the overall good self-care practice among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, we intended to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall good self-care practice among people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Ethiopia. Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane library, Google scholar, and direct Google to retrieve relevant studies. Forest plot was used to present the pooled estimate of good self-care practice using DerSimonian and Laird’s random-effects model. We checked publication bias using Egger’s test and funnel plot. Potential heterogeneity was tested using the I-squared statistic. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results. In this review, 12 primary studies (with a total sample size of 4030) were included. Because of the presence of heterogeneity, we employed a random-effects model. After running the random-effects model, the pooled estimate of overall good self-care practice was 51.12% (95% CI: 41.90–60.34). Furthermore, the pooled estimate of good dietary practice was 50.18% (95% CI: 32.75–67.60), good physical exercise practice was 48.29% (95% CI: 34.14–62.43), the good footcare practice was 63.61% (95% CI: 45.56–81.66), and appropriate self-monitoring of the blood glucose level was 31.89% (95% CI: −4.62–68.41). In this meta-analysis, there was serious interstudy variation, but there was no publication bias. Conclusions. The overall good self-care practice among people living with T2DM was low which necessitates the need for designing strategies to increase the self-care practice. The health sector has to bolster awareness creation to allow better plasma glucose control and preventing diabetes-related complications. This trial is registered with CRD42019147694.

Hypertriglyceridemia and Other Plasma Lipid Profile Abnormalities among People Living with Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The prevalence of dyslipidemia, among DM patients, is 67.1% in China [ 26 ], 86% in Bangladesh [ 27 ], 88.9% in Thailand [ 28 ], and 89% in India [ 29 ] whereas, in Ethiopia, hypertriglyceridemia ranges from 14.2% [ 30 ] to 72.5% [ 31 ]. Apt management is essential [ 32 ] which is expensive in resource-limited settings like Ethiopia. Hence, measuring the prevalence and directing this scarce resource towards its prevention is the best solution.…”

Self-care behaviours among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Adherence to self-care behaviour prevents T2DM-associated morbidities and mortalities [ 14 , 15 ]. The systematic reviews that included studies from Ethiopia [ 22 , 23 ], Sub-Saharan Africa [ 24 ], and LMICs [ 25 ] reported the poor practice of self-care behaviours among the people with T2DM and stressed the need for developing and implementing interventions to improve self-care behaviour. South Asians are at higher risk of developing NCDs, including type 2 diabetes [ 5 ], and the health care resources in this region are limited [ 128 , 129 ].…”

The effectiveness of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) with self-acceptance and self-care for diabetes mellitus patients

“…Health workers should improve patient self-care practices to better control plasma glucose and prevent complications related to diabetes mellitus. 23 Good knowledge about diabetic wound care can improve the patient's selfcare status regarding diabetic wound care. 24 Self-care has a very useful value for people with DM.…”