Systematic review and meta-analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma associated oral microbiome

Abstract

The intersection between the human oral microbiome and oral health is an emerging area of study which has gained momentum over the last decade. This momentum has motivated a search for associations between the oral microbiome and oral cancer, in hopes of identifying possible biomarkers that facilitate earlier diagnosis and improved prognosis for patients with that disease. The present study examined the relationship between the microbiome in the human oral cavity and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched the literature for case-control studies which focused on the relationship between the human oral microbiome and OSCC. We aggregated three types of data from these studies: bacteriome data at the genus level, predicted functional pathway data, and gene abundance data. From these data, we noted several microbial genera which may be associated with oral cancer status, including Fusobacterium. We also identified functional pathways which merit further investigation, including RNA degradation (ko03018) and primary immunodeficiency (ko05340). In addition, our analysis of gene abundance data identified the gene K06147 (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, bacterial) as being over abundant in OSCC samples. Our results are generalizations which identified some currents that we believe could guide further research. Our work faced several limitations related to the heterogeneity of the available data. Wide variation in methods for sample collection, methods for controlling for known behavioral risk factors, computing platform choice, and methods for case-control design all posed confounding factors in this work. We examined the current methods of data collection, data processing, and data reporting in order to offer suggestions toward the establishment of best practices within this field. We propose that these limitations should be addressed through the implementation of standardized data analytic practices that will conform to the rigor and reproducibility standards required of publicly funded research.

Characterization of the skin microbiome in normal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma affected cats and dogs

“…This genus comprises opportunistic pathogens that were first isolated from the upper layers of the atmosphere but also reside in soil ( 60 ). A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by Peter et al on the oral SCC-associated microbiome found that Janibacter was more abundant in the control population than in the oral SCC population ( 61 ). Herpetosiphon is a genus comprised of at least four species known for their filamentous gliding motility and ability to prey on other microbes including several staphylococcal species ( 62 , 63 ).…”

“…Peptostreptococcus and Filifactor were two of the genera shared between SCC_PL and SCC samples ( Table S5 ). Peter et al found that these two genera were abundant in oral SCC patients compared to the control population ( 61 ). Filifactor species, F. villosus and F. alocis, are pathogenic biofilm-generating bacteria that are positively correlated with canine and human periodontal disease ( 64 , 69 , 70 ).…”

Analogies between HPV Behavior in Oral and Vaginal Cavity: Narrative Review on the Current Evidence in the Literature

“…Several studies have shown substantial differences in bacterial diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacteria in the oral flora of cancer patients compared to controls with high-throughput sequencing techniques [ 74 ]. Several studies have reported the possibility of using oral swabs to analyze the microbiota on the surface of OSCC lesions and have found an increase in microbial diversity (alpha diversity) [ 75 ]. In addition, there was an increase in Fusobacterium and a decrease in Streptococcus at the tumor site since some authors examined tissue biopsy samples from OSCC patients and found that Prevotella , Corynebacterium , Pseudomonas , Deinococcus , and Noviherbaspirillum were enriched in tumor tissues, while Actinomyces , Sutterella , Stenotrophomonas , Anoxybacillus , and Serratia were significantly less abundant.…”

Identification of consensus head and neck cancer-associated microbiota signatures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 16S rRNA and The Cancer Microbiome Atlas datasets

“…However, inconsistencies are observed for microbes such as Streptococcus, Actinomyces and Prevotella, meaning that it is necessary to identify a consensus microbiota signature for HNSC [27,31,32,35,36]. Previous systematic reviews have tried to identify and describe the dysbiosis in HNSC using processed [37][38][39][40][41][42][43] or re-analysed [44] data from studies containing heterogeneous HNSC sample types such as saliva, swab, oral rinse and tissues. Differences in sequencing techniques, data processing and sample types among the original studies were mostly unaccounted for in these reviews and may limit interpretation of the overall findings.…”