Systematic review: epidemiology of Oesophageal Cancer in SubSaharan Africa

Kachala, Rabson

doi:10.4314/mmj.v22i3.62190

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Endoscopy in the current study is based in the surgery department and was based in both the departments of surgery and medicine in the prior study in Malawi [11]. The high proportion of esophageal cancer found in this study is consistent with previous reports of a high burden of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in southeastern Africa [1][2][3][4]. In the prior study from Malawi, esophageal cancer was the most common diagnosis, found in 28% of patients overall [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Public Referral Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi: Spectrum of Disease and Associated Risk Factors

Wolf¹,

Ibrahim

Miao

et al. 2012

World j. surg.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Public Referral Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi: Spectrum of Disease and Associated Risk Factors

Wolf¹,

Ibrahim

Miao

et al. 2012

World j. surg.

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“…A systematic review conducted in sub-Saharan African countries also showed that male predominance in oesophageal cancer cases with ratio of 2:1 [26]. A systematic review and a meta-analysis conducted in 36 African countries revealed that being male was a risk factor for oesophageal cancer cases (1.7; 95% CI: 1.4, 2.0) [27].…”

Section: Treatment Pattern and Outcomementioning

confidence: 97%

“…This study indicated that the mean age of the study participants was 52.9 years. A systematic review in Sub Sahara Africa region indicated that the median age of the oesophageal cancer patients was 59 years [26]. Another study conducted in Ghana indicated the mean age of the oesophageal cancer patients was 57.8 years [30].…”

Section: Treatment Pattern and Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Oesophageal Cancer Magnitude and Presentation in Ethiopia

Wondimagegnehu

Hirpa

Abaya

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Although oesophageal cancer is a public health problem in Ethiopia, there are limited data on the magnitude and distribution of the disease in the country. The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of oesophageal cancer patients in selected referral hospitals of Ethiopia.Methods A retrospective document review was employed in ten referral hospitals in different regions of Ethiopia. Data were extracted from clinical care records of all clinically and pathologically confirmed oesophageal cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated in those hospitals from 2012 - 2017. A structured data extraction tool was used to collect important variables. Descriptive statistics such as median, interquartile range (IQR) and percentages were computed to describe the regional and national distribution of the disease.Results Over the past six years, a total of 777 oesophageal cancer cases were identified and the median age of these patients was 55 years with IQR of 19. More than half 428 (55.1%) of the cases were males and majority of them were reported from Oromia and Somali regional states with 388 (49.9%) and 202 (25.9%) respectively. The highest number of oesophageal cancer cases were recorded in 2016 with a total number of 185 (23.8%) while the lowest 98 (12.6%) was in 2012. Eighty percent of oesophageal cancer cases were diagnosed at late stage of the disease. More than one-fourth 210 (27.0%) of patients were operated with the majority 156 (74.3%) to insert a feeding tube followed by trans-hiatal oesophagostomy 23 (10.9%). Of the 118 results analysed, squamous cell carcinoma and adeno carcinoma were the predominant histologic type with 67(56.7%), and 43(36.4%) respectively. One fourth 194 (25.0%) of the patients were alive and more than two third 557 (71.7%) patients’ current status were unknown at the time of the review.Conclusions In referral hospitals of Ethiopia, many oesophageal cancer patients came at late stage of the disease and needed palliative care measures. The number of patients seen in Oromia and Somali region hospitals by far exceeds hospitals of the other regions thus postulating possibly unique risk factors in those geographic areas.

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“…In Malawi, nearly 50% of all illnesses are related to water borne diseases (Kalua and Chipeta, 2005;Palamuleni, 2001). It is interesting to note that Kachala (2010)…”

Section: S0mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality changes due to abattoir effluent: A case on Mchesa Stream in Blantyre, Malawi

Kosamu¹,

Mawenda²,

Mapoma³

2011

Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Abattoir effluent is known to degrade the quality of receiving water bodies. This study assesses the impact of effluent from Shire Valley Abattoir on the physico-chemical parameters of Mchesa Stream in Blantyre. Water samples were collected from five sampling sites along Mchesa Stream located at progressive distances from the discharge point. Sampling was done three times over a period of four months (June to September 2008). The physico-chemical parameters tested were: pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO), suspended solids (SS) and electrical conductivity (EC). The mean values of the measured parameters were as follows: BOD (381.1 mg L-1); DO (3.6 mg L-1); SS (312.8 mg L-1); pH (7.6); and EC (105.6 µs cm-1). The highest concentrations of BOD and SS were 612.3 mg L-1 and 477.3 mg L-1 respectively and were obtained at a point of effluent discharge into Mchesa stream. One-way ANOVA showed significant deviation from WHO standards for BOD, SS and DO (p < 0.05). This study shows that effluents from the Shire Valley Abattoir have partially contributed to the pollution of Mchesa Stream to levels which pose health and environmental hazards to the surrounding communities.

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Systematic review: epidemiology of Oesophageal Cancer in SubSaharan Africa

Abstract: BackgroundCurrently, oesophageal cancer is not a public health priority disease in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Cited by 45 publications

References 34 publications

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Public Referral Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi: Spectrum of Disease and Associated Risk Factors

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a Public Referral Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi: Spectrum of Disease and Associated Risk Factors

Oesophageal Cancer Magnitude and Presentation in Ethiopia

Water quality changes due to abattoir effluent: A case on Mchesa Stream in Blantyre, Malawi

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