“…24,30,32,45,46 Gurm et al 30 highlighted that previous simplified noncomputerized tools need no longer be the limit to what can be utilized in clinical medicine; however, a recent systematic review concluded that the resultant clinical prediction models for blood transfusion in elective surgery are of a high risk of bias and often fail to adhere to reporting standards, emphasizing caution before application to clinical practice. 47…”