Systematic review of bladder cancer outcomes in patients with spina bifida

Rove, Kyle O.; Husmann, Douglas A.; Wilcox, Duncan T.; Vricella, Gino J.; Higuchi, Ty

doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.05.006

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The reported incidence of bladder cancer is similar for patients with congenital neural tube defects 2-4% [9] compared to those with spinal cord injuries, who usually develop the cancer 18-34 years from the onset of SCI (0.1-10%) [5]. The prevalence of bladder cancer and the age of presentation in our Spina Bifida Clinic are consistent with those data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bladder cancer in patients with spina bifida: observation from an adult clinic

Melendez

Maroto

Illescas

et al. 2018

Spinal Cord Ser Cases

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Study design Retrospective descriptive study of patients with spina bifida and bladder cancer. Objectives To compare the medical characteristics of patients diagnosed with spina bifida and bladder cancer to those patients diagnosed with spina bifida only. Setting Spina Bifida Clinic in Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron (Barcelona, Spain). Methods Patients registered in the Spina Bifida Clinic between 1990 and 2015 and born before 1996 were included. We analyzed patients with confirmed bladder cancer. Demographic data, type of spina bifida, functional level, mode of bladder management, and risk factors for bladder cancer were compared between patients who developed bladder cancer and the rest of patients from the Clinic using the exact Fisher's test. Results The study included 446 patients with spina bifida, all older than 20 years. From these, ten patients also presented a bladder cancer at a mean age of 36 years (range 27-43), and with a higher proportion of mid-lumbar functional level (L3 in six out of ten patients). Eight of them were female. A wide variability of presenting symptoms was observed with locally advanced disease in nine cases. The median survival time was 4 months. Conclusions Despite the advances in surgical and medical treatments, the prognosis of bladder cancer in patients with spina bifida is still poor. Screening tools are needed to improve the outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bladder cancer in patients with spina bifida: observation from an adult clinic

Melendez

Maroto

Illescas

et al. 2018

Spinal Cord Ser Cases

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“…SB patients diagnosed with bladder cancer have a median age of 41 years at diagnosis with 71% of patients presenting with stage III or IV disease, similar to our patient . Of note, the only significant modifiable risk factor for bladder cancer in these patients is long‐term indwelling catheter, whereas bladder cancer with ISC alone has not demonstrated a significant causality.…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

“…Similarly, chronic cystitis, recurrent urinary tract infection, bladder diverticula and persistent bladder calculi, all being common in NGB, also play a role in the development of bladder cancer . This case exemplifies findings from a systematic review on bladder cancer in SB patients by Rove et al who identified 27 SB patients (52%) diagnosed with bladder cancer who regularly performed ISC, a combination rarely reported on in the literature …”

supporting

confidence: 76%

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Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder presenting with colovesical and vesicocutaneous fistulae in a 29‐year‐old

Self

Ranasinghe

Edirisinghe

et al. 2019

ANZ Journal of Surgery

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“…Spina bifida is predominantly associated with congenital paraplegia. So far, only one systematic review has been published on this very specific patient population, based on 52 patients from 28 case reports and case series [27]. Spina bifida patients also develop advanced bladder tumours at a much earlier age than the general population.…”

Section: Bladder Cancer In Spina Bifida (Congenital Paraplegia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary bladder cancer as a late sequela of traumatic spinal cord injury

et al. 2021

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Background Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is also a combat-related injury that is increasing in modern warfare. The aim of this work is to inform medical experts regarding the different course of bladder cancer in able-bodied patients compared with SCI patients based on the latest medical scientific knowledge, and to present decision-making aids for the assessment of bladder cancer as a late sequela of traumatic SCI. Methods A study conducted between January 1998 and December 2019 in the BG Trauma Hospital Hamburg formed the basis for the decision-making aids. Urinary bladder cancer was diagnosed in 40 out of 7396 treated outpatient and inpatient SCI patients. General patient information, latency period, age at initial diagnosis, type of bladder management and survival of SCI patients with bladder cancer were collected and analysed. T category, grading and tumour entity in these patients were compared with those in the general population. Relevant bladder cancer risk factors in SCI patients were analysed. Furthermore, relevant published literature was taken into consideration. Results Initial diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer in SCI patients occurs at a mean age of 56.4 years (SD ± 10.7 years), i.e., approximately 20 years earlier as compared with the general population. These bladder cancers are significantly more frequently muscle invasive (i.e., T category ≥ T2) and present a higher grade at initial diagnosis. Furthermore, SCI patients show a significantly higher proportion of the more aggressive squamous cell carcinoma than that of the general population in areas not endemic for the tropical disease schistosomiasis. Consequently, the survival time is extremely unfavourable. A very important finding, for practical reasons is that, in the Hamburg study as well as in the literature, urinary bladder cancer is more frequently observed after 10 years or more of SCI. Based on these findings, a matrix was compiled where the various influencing factors, either for or against the recognition of an association between SCI and urinary bladder cancer, were weighted according to their relevance. Conclusions The results showed that urinary bladder cancer in SCI patients differs considerably from that in able-bodied patients. The presented algorithm is an important aid in everyday clinical practice for assessing the correlation between SCI and bladder cancer.

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Systematic review of bladder cancer outcomes in patients with spina bifida

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

Bladder cancer in patients with spina bifida: observation from an adult clinic

Bladder cancer in patients with spina bifida: observation from an adult clinic

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder presenting with colovesical and vesicocutaneous fistulae in a 29‐year‐old

Urinary bladder cancer as a late sequela of traumatic spinal cord injury

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