Systematic review of duration and choice of systemic antibiotic therapy for acute haematogenous bacterial osteomyelitis in children

Howard‐Jones, Annaleise R.; Isaacs, David

doi:10.1111/jpc.12251

Cited by 74 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Additionally, it is recommended that infants Ͻ3 months of age receive a longer course of i.v. therapy due to concerns over the absorption and efficacy of oral antibiotics (518).…”

Section: Osteoarticular Infections In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.

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“…Additionally, it is recommended that infants Ͻ3 months of age receive a longer course of i.v. therapy due to concerns over the absorption and efficacy of oral antibiotics (518).…”

Section: Osteoarticular Infections In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

et al. 2015

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“…aureus is the most common pathogen in acute osteoarticular infections, being identified in 70% to 90% of culture-positive cases, followed by streptococcal ( S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae ) and gram-negative organisms. 37 Salmonella is an important pathogen in sickle-cell patients. Haemophilus influenzae has become rare following worldwide vaccination programmes.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empirical treatment is therefore commonly employed based on local guidelines and patient factors. 37 Management should involve early input from a microbiologist.…”

Section: Treatment Of Acute Paediatric Osteoarticular Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric bone and joint infection

Iliadis

Ramachandran

2017

EFORT Open Reviews

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Despite advances in understanding and management, paediatric osteoarticular infections continue to pose diagnostic difficulties for clinicians. Delays in diagnosis can lead to potentially devastating morbidity.No single investigation, including joint aspiration, is sufficiently reliable to diagnose conclusively paediatric bone and joint infection. Diagnosis should be based on a combination of clinical signs, imaging and laboratory investigations. Algorithms should supplement, and not replace, clinical decision making in all cases.The roles of aspiration, arthrotomy and arthroscopy in the treatment of septic arthritis are not clearly defined. There is a very limited role for surgery in the management of acute haematogenous osteomyelitis.The ideal duration and mode of administration of antibiotic therapy for osteoarticular paediatric infection is not yet fully defined but there is increasing evidence that shorter courses (three weeks) and early conversion (day four) to oral administration is safe and effective in appropriate cases. Clear and concise antibiotic guidelines should be available based on local population characteristics, pathogens and their sensitivities.Kingella kingae is increasingly identified through polymerase chain reaction and is now recognised as the commonest pathogen in children aged under four years. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing strains of Staph. aureus are being increasingly reported.A multidisciplinary integrated evidence-based approach is required to optimise outcomes.Further large-scale, multicentre studies are needed to delineate the optimal management of paediatric osteoarticular infection. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;1:7-12. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160027.

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“…Children younger than 3 months could need a longer duration of IV treatment and those <1 month of age should receive most of the antibiotic treatment by this route. 35 The duration of treatment, both IV and in total, should be more prolonged in the case of MRSA or PVL-producing MSSA infection, looking out for possible complications. 27,28 This group of experts recommends a minimum of 10---14 days of IV treatment in these cases.…”

Section: Hospitalisation and Duration Of Intravenous Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3,10,14,35 Amoxicillin A/C, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; GAS, S. pyogenes; GBS, S. agalactiae; Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type b; TMP---SMX, trimethoprim---sulfamethoxazole. a Most of the treatment should be administered intravenously.…”

Section: Hospitalisation and Duration Of Intravenous Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEIP–SERPE–SEOP Consensus document on the treatment of uncomplicated acute osteomyelitis and septic arthritis

Saavedra-Lozano¹,

Calvo²,

Carol³

et al. 2015

Anales de Pediatría (English Edition)

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Systematic review of duration and choice of systemic antibiotic therapy for acute haematogenous bacterial osteomyelitis in children

Cited by 74 publications

References 57 publications

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

Paediatric bone and joint infection

SEIP–SERPE–SEOP Consensus document on the treatment of uncomplicated acute osteomyelitis and septic arthritis

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