Systematic review of outbreaks of COVID-19 within households in the European region when the child is the index case

Vardavas, Constantine; Nikitara, Katerina; Aslanoglou, Katerina; Kamekis, Apostolos; Ramesh, Nithya; Symvoulakis, Emmanouil K.; Agaku, Israel; Phalkey, Revati; Leonardi‐Bee, Jo; Fernández, Esteve; Condell, Orla; Lamb, Favelle; Deogan, Charlotte; Suk, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001718

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…The lower infection rate in nulliparous women is presumed to be due to a reduced likelihood of household transmission. Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is well-documented [12], and secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pediatric index cases within households has been reported to range from 0% to 75% [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccination, Adverse Effect, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Couples in Infertility Clinic: A Prospective Study

Park,

Kwak,

Kim

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Background: Although periconception vaccination is important for maternal and neonatal health, vaccine hesitancy could pose a challenge to achieving a healthy pregnancy in infertile women. We assessed the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccination, associated factors, adverse event after vaccination, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among women seeking fertility treatment. Methods: We used the data from participants of the Pregnancy and Urban Environment study (PRUNE study), which is a prospective observational study designed to explore the association between pregnancy and the urban environment in infertile couples. From October 2019 to September 2021, a total of 534 patients provided informed consent and participated in the first and second rounds of a mobile survey conducted at six-month intervals. In the second and third rounds of the survey, we included questions about COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Adjusted risk ratios (aRR) were calculated for COVID-19 booster vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: All the women participating in the survey had completed the primary series of COVID-19 vaccination. The booster vaccination rate was 38.5%, and the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 34.4%. The likelihood of receiving a booster vaccination was higher when women reported alcohol consumption (aRR = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-3.51, p = 0.041). SARS-CoV-2 infection was inversely associated with nulliparity (aRR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.17-1.09, p = 0.077). Among the women vaccinated against COVID-19, 44.3% of respondents reported at least one adverse reaction after receiving the vaccine. Conclusions: All the women participating in the survey had completed primary series of COVID-19 vaccination. The booster vaccination rate was 38.5%, and the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 34.4%. Among the vaccinated women, 44.3% reported experiencing at least one adverse reaction after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Fever/chilling was the most common (61.8%), followed by abnormal vaginal bleeding/menstrual irregularity (41.8%). A targeted education program by health professionals is needed to promote the benefits of periconception vaccination and reduce the resistance to the COVID-19 vaccine among infertile couples. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered at Clinical Research Information Service (https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/info/dataset.do), registration number: KCT0003560.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccination, Adverse Effect, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Couples in Infertility Clinic: A Prospective Study

Park,

Kwak,

Kim

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Molnupiravir for intra-household prevention of COVID-19: The MOVe-AHEAD randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Alpizar,

Accini,

Anderson

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection

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Variant-specific antibody profiling for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variant infections in children and adolescents

Kuthning,

Raafat,

Holtfreter

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Monitoring the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents can provide valuable information for effective SARS-CoV-2 surveillance, and thus guide vaccination strategies. In this study, we quantified antibodies against the spike S1 domains of several SARS-CoV-2 variants (wild-type, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants) as well as endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in 1,309 children and adolescents screened between December 2020 and March 2023. Their antibody binding profiles were compared with those of 22 pre-pandemic samples from children and adolescents using an in-house Luminex®-based Corona Array (CA). The primary objectives of this study were to (i) monitor SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in children and adolescents, (ii) evaluate whether the S1-specific antibody response can identify the infecting variant of concern (VoC), (iii) estimate the prevalence of silent infections, and (iv) test whether vaccination or infection with SARS-CoV-2 induce HCoV cross-reactive antibodies. Both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination induced a robust antibody response against the S1 domain of WT and VoCs in children and adolescents. Antibodies specific for the S1 domain were able to distinguish between SARS-CoV-2 VoCs in infected children. The serologically identified VoC was typically the predominant VoC at the time of infection. Furthermore, our highly sensitive CA identified more silent SARS-CoV-2 infections than a commercial ELISA (12.1% vs. 6.3%, respectively), and provided insights into the infecting VoC. Seroconversion to endemic HCoVs occurred in early childhood, and vaccination or infection with SARS-CoV-2 did not induce HCoV S1 cross-reactive antibodies. In conclusion, the antibody response to the S1 domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 is highly specific, providing information about the infecting VoC and revealing clinically silent infections.

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Systematic review of outbreaks of COVID-19 within households in the European region when the child is the index case

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

COVID-19 Vaccination, Adverse Effect, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Couples in Infertility Clinic: A Prospective Study

COVID-19 Vaccination, Adverse Effect, and SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Couples in Infertility Clinic: A Prospective Study

Molnupiravir for intra-household prevention of COVID-19: The MOVe-AHEAD randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Variant-specific antibody profiling for tracking SARS-CoV-2 variant infections in children and adolescents

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