Systematic Review of Trends in the Incidence Rates of Thyroid Cancer

Wiltshire, Joseph J; Drake, Thomas M; Uttley, Lesley; Balasubramanian, Sabapathy P

doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0100

Cited by 325 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…12 The incidence of thyroid cancer is on steady rise worldwide. 45 The major reason behind this is a widespread use of high-resolution imaging able to detect small-sized low-risk cancers. The IARC experts claimed that enormous increase in thyroid cancer incidence in developed countries is subsequent to opportunistic and often unnecessary ultrasonography.…”

Section: Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of head and neck cancer in Thailand

Tangjaturonrasme

Vatanasapt

Bychkov

2017

Asia-Pac J Clncl Oncology

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Cancer is the most common cause of death in Thailand, with the mortality almost doubled during 1998-2011 (from 48.4 to 95.2 per 100 000). The estimated number of new cancer cases in 2011 was 112 392. Our review provides baseline data on the current epidemiological situation with head and neck (HN) cancer in Thailand based on reports of the National Cancer Registry and findings from local and international publications. Collectively, HN cancer approaches agestandardized rate (ASR) incidence of 15.7 and 10.7 per 100 000 males and females, respectively, and is ranked among the top five dominant cancers in Thailand. The leading HN malignancies in men are oral (ASR incidence 4.6 per 100 000), nasopharyngeal (ASR 2.8) and laryngeal (ASR 2.7) cancers, while the most common cancers in women are thyroid (ASR 5.1) and oral (ASR 3.2) carcinomas. Some local habits (betel quid chewing, traditional cigarette smoking and alcohol intake) are associated with the high incidence of oral cancer in Northeast Thailand. Despite important prognostic significance, the role of human papillomavirus infection in various HN cancers from Thailand has been scarcely addressed. There is a growing incidence of thyroid cancer over the last two decades. The Thai population overall, compared to worldwide rates of HN malignancies, has a lower incidence of laryngeal and thyroid cancers but higher incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer. K E Y

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Section: Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of head and neck cancer in Thailand

Tangjaturonrasme

Vatanasapt

Bychkov

2017

Asia-Pac J Clncl Oncology

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“…A growing number of such reports reflects increased use of 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT and also high incidence of thyroid nodules in the population. It is widely acclaimed that thyroid cancer today is the fastest growing malignancy in the developed world 29 . Prognosis in a majority of patients is excellent due to high efficacy of treatment based on thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine (RAI) ablation of thyroid remnants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSMA expression by microvasculature of thyroid tumors – Potential implications for PSMA theranostics

Bychkov

Vutrapongwatana

Tepmongkol

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed in prostate cancer epithelium, making it a promising target for molecular imaging and therapy. Recently, several studies found unexpected PSMA radiotracer uptake by thyroid tumors, including radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) cancers. PSMA expression was reported in tumor-associated endothelium of various malignancies, however it has not been systematically addressed in thyroid tumors. We found that PSMA was frequently expressed in microvessels of thyroid tumors (120/267), but not in benign thyroid tissue. PSMA expression in neovasculature was highly irregular ranging from 19% in benign tumors to over 50% in thyroid cancer. Such heterogeneity was not directly attributed to endothelial cell proliferation as confirmed by immunostaining with proliferation-associated endothelial marker CD105. PSMA expression was associated with tumor size (p = 0.02) and vascular invasion in follicular carcinoma (p = 0.03), but not with other baseline histological, and clinical parameters. Significant translational implication is that RAIR tumors and high-grade cancers maintain high level of PSMA expression, and can be targeted by PSMA ligand radiopharmaceuticals. Our study predicts several pitfalls potentially associated with PSMA imaging of the thyroid, such as low expression in oncocytic tumors, absence of organ specificity, and PSMA-positivity in dendritic cells of chronic thyroiditis, which is described for the first time.Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein highly restricted to prostate epithelium 1, 2 . It is also known as FOLH1 (folate hydrolase 1) or glutamate carboxypeptidase II. Immunohistochemical studies reported that PSMA is strongly expressed by normal and neoplastic prostatic epithelium, along with the epithelium of other genitourinary organs (bladder, kidney, fallopian tubes) and intestine [3][4][5] . Several recent studies found that PSMA could be expressed not only by epithelial cells, but also by vascular endothelium of various malignancies including oral 6 , gastric and colorectal 7 , lung 8 , breast 9 , endometrial and ovarian 10 , renal 11 , urothelial 12 , and glial tumors 13,14 .PSMA is an integral membrane protein, anchored to the epithelial cells. This makes an important advantage of being a targeting marker over prostate-related secretory antigens released into bloodstream, such as prostate specific antigen, prostatic acid phosphatase and prostate secretory protein 15 . Molecular imaging of PSMA is now being widely adopted in prostate cancer diagnostics [16][17][18] . 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT is a novel imaging modality based on 68 Ga conjugated with anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody, which is highly accurate in detecting prostate cancer 19 . It also has promising therapeutic potential, being a carrier for radionuclides directed against cancer cells. One of such theranostic example is 177 Lu-labelled tracer PSMA-DKFZ-617, which demonstrated radiological response in preclinical model and clinical studies of prostate canc...

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“…However, little is known about its association with thyroid cancer (TC) risk, particularly in prospective studies. TC is the most common endocrine cancer (1–1.5% of all new cancers diagnosed each year) worldwide and the incidence has been constantly increasing over the last three decades, mainly explained by over‐diagnosis …”

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confidence: 99%

Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Zamora-Ros

Béraud

Franceschi

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is considered as probably protective against overall cancer risk, but results in previous studies are not consistent for thyroid cancer (TC). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and differentiated thyroid cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The EPIC study is a cohort including over half a million participants, recruited between 1991 and 2000. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 748 incident first primary differentiated TC cases were identified. F&V and fruit juice intakes were assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of intake, differentiated TC risk was not associated with intakes of total F&V (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.68-1.15; p-trend = 0.44), vegetables (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.69-1.14; p-trend = 0.56), or fruit (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.79-1.26; p-trend = 0.64). No significant association was observed with any individual type of vegetable or fruit. However, there was a positive borderline trend with fruit juice intake (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.98-1.53; p-trend = 0.06). This study did not find any significant association between F&V intakes and differentiated TC risk; however a positive trend with fruit juice intake was observed, possibly related to its high sugar content.

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Systematic Review of Trends in the Incidence Rates of Thyroid Cancer

Abstract: This systematic review strongly supports a widespread and persistent increase in TC incidence. Evidence for over-detection of PTC as the predominant influence includes increased numbers of smaller size tumors and improved or unchanged survival.

Cited by 325 publications

References 60 publications

Epidemiology of head and neck cancer in Thailand

Epidemiology of head and neck cancer in Thailand

PSMA expression by microvasculature of thyroid tumors – Potential implications for PSMA theranostics

Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

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